Almost everyone has heard of the Tunguska meteorite, but its secret has not yet been solved. Today, most people know that in 1908, on June 30, a huge meteorite fell in the Siberian taiga. But modern analysis of this event has led to the emergence of many other hypotheses of the catastrophe that occurred. We are talking about an explosion of terrifying power that happened at the beginning of the twentieth century, which shook the hinterland of the Russian North in the early morning of a summer day.
Several strange events preceded this Tunguska tragedy. Nine days before the Siberian catastrophe in Western Siberia and Europe, the sky bloomed with bright colored flashes. The dark night sky lit up with silvery clouds stretching from east to west. Numerous meteors lined the sky. It was so light that you could read a newspaper at night. These white nights were remembered by many contemporaries of those events.
The charm of an early calm morning on June 30, 1908 in the area of the Podkamennaya Tunguska River was disrupted by an unexpected explosion of unprecedented power. Within a radius of 45 km from the epicenter of the explosion, millions of trees were uprooted, a hellish heat chained the earth, dry forests and moss flared up. An earthquake was felt at a distance of 1000 km. The sounds of the explosion were heard at a distance of 1200 km. The air wave caused by the explosion was recorded by almost all weather stations in the world.
Eyewitnesses claimed that just before the explosion, they saw a very bright fireball flying across the sky, which was visible at a distance of 400 km from the crash site. The flight of a celestial body was accompanied by a rumble similar to the rolling of thunder. The explosion itself took place over a deserted area in the deep taiga. The bright outbreak was witnessed by the inhabitants of the small settlement of Vanavara and the Evenks in the taiga. On the vast territory - from the Yenisei to the European coast of the Atlantic Ocean, a series of bright nights began on June 30. As the experts explained, as a result of the Siberian catastrophe, clouds formed at an altitude of 80 km, which intensely reflected the sun's rays falling on them, creating the effect of "bright nights of the summer of 1908." After the Tunguska explosion, Europe saw a series of very bright evening and morning dawns.
For many decades, the rich vegetation in the area of the explosion turned into a dead forest. It is believed that the energy of the explosion of the Tunguska meteorite was 40 megatons of TNT equivalent (this is equal to the energy obtained as a result of the simultaneous explosion of two thousand bombs, similar to the one that was detonated over Kheroshima in 1945). An interesting fact is that at the epicenter of the explosion, an accelerated growth of trees was found. According to a number of scientists, this fact confirms the presence of a radiation release during the explosion.
The history of mankind has never known a larger and grander event than the Tunguska catastrophe.
The first researchers appeared at the site of the explosion only in 1927-1939. Before the expeditions, a terrifying in its destructiveness picture appeared: a continuous flooring of age-old trees, “needles” of charred trunks pierced the sky, the roots of all fallen trees were turned in one direction. It was in the center of the explosion that scientists were looking for traces of a celestial alien, but fragments of the Tunguska meteorite were never found.
In 1946, science fiction writer Alexander Kazantsev expressed a version that a ship of aliens from distant space exploded over the Siberian taiga. And radiation is the result of the explosion of the atomic engines of the alien spacecraft.
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American physicists Jackson and Ryan believed that the Tunguska tragedy was the result of the Earth's meeting with the so-called "black hole". There were also versions about the use of a fantastic beam, similar to a laser beam, or a piece of plasma falling onto the Earth that was detached from the Sun, etc.
In 1959, studies of the Tunguska meteorite resumed with renewed tenacity. This time, the main version put forward by Academician V. Fesenkov was considered - the explosion occurred after a small comet entered at great speed into the dense layers of the Earth's atmosphere.
In 1988, members of another expedition discovered strange metal rods near Vanavara. A new hypothesis has appeared that some highly developed space civilization was trying to save our planet from a collision with a huge comet. But the attack by the aliens, trying to split the comet, was not successful and some parts of the comet still hit the Earth. The earthlings were saved, but the alien ship crashed and had to be repaired on the surface of the Earth. Then the alien ship safely left our planet, and the damaged blocks were left at the repair site. For a long time of research and search for parts of the Tunguska meteorite, 12 conical holes were found, but since no one has studied them, the depth of the holes is unknown and there are no versions about the reasons for their occurrence.
In 2006, a new find at the site of the explosion of the Tunguska meteorite shocked the scientific world. Quartz stones with mysterious writing were found there. According to scientists, mysterious signs were applied to the stone by an unknown man-made method, presumably using plasma. A more detailed analysis of the stones confirmed the version that the cobblestones contain an admixture of cosmic substances that cannot be obtained on Earth, which means they are artifacts. According to the hypothesis of the Russian scientist Lavbin, quartz stones are particles of an information container sent to Earth by a highly developed extraterrestrial civilization, which exploded due to problems with landing. This conclusion was based on the finds that researchers were able to find in the wilds of the Siberian taiga at the site of the Tunguska disaster.
There, Leonid Kulik found a substance in the form of ice under a layer of moss. At first they did not pay attention to it, but upon further careful investigation it turned out that this ice contains frozen fragments of combustible gas. And a new hypothesis arose that in 1908 it was not a stone meteorite that fell to the Earth, but an ice comet.
Against the version of a meteorite falling, the fact that at the site of the explosion there was no crater, usual in this case, also speaks. Computer simulation and calculations of the catastrophe in the Tunguska taiga showed that the explosion did not occur on the ground, but at a distance of 10 km from the planet's surface.
Also, some scientists believe that the cause of the Tunguska explosion is of terrestrial origin. So, in the records of the genius inventor Nikola Tesla, there is a mention of the development by him at this time of technology for wireless transmission of energy over long distances. A few months before the Tunguska event, Nikola Tesla requested from the archive a map of the Russian North, including the area where the explosion took place. It is possible that the Tunguska catastrophe was the result of his experiment to create an energy weapon. It was at this time that N. Tesla wrote: "… Even now my wireless power plants can turn any area of the world into an area uninhabitable …""
But despite the large number of hypotheses put forward, none of them received their actual confirmation, therefore the secret of the Tunguska meteorite remains unsolved.