The five-pointed star became a symbol of Soviet Russia thanks to one of the Bolshevik leaders, Leon Trotsky.
When officially approved by the order of the People's Commissariat of the Republic of Lev Trotsky No. 321 of May 7, 1918, the five-pointed star received the name "Mars star with a plow and a hammer." The order also stated that this sign "is the identity of persons serving in the troops of the Red Army."
Trotsky was very seriously immersed in esoteric sciences and knew that the five-pointed pentagram has a very powerful energy potential and is one of the most powerful symbols. It must be said that the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century was the time of the triumph of occultism - almost every educated person went through a fascination with mysticism. And the star was a very fashionable symbol in those days. Since the ancient Sumerians, almost every civilization has used this sign. The five-pointed star is considered a sign of protection. The Babylonians used it as a talisman against thieves, the Jews associated the five-pointed star with five wounds on the body of Christ, and the magicians of medieval Europe knew the pentacle as the "seal of King Solomon". The communists, however, introduced an additional meaning to the meaning of this symbol,thus denoting the unity of the world proletariat of all five continents of the Earth, as well as the world revolution.
The red star was commonly referred to as the "star of Mars" after the ancient Roman god of war, Mars. I must say that this symbol has already been used in the Russian army. Nicholas I, by his decree of January 1, 1827, introduced stars on the epaulets of officers and generals.
On April 29, 1854, stars were added to shoulder straps. After the February Revolution, the insignia of the servicemen of the Russian Imperial Army were changed, shoulder straps were canceled.
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On April 21, 1917, by order of the Navy and the Naval Department No. 150 of the Military and Naval Minister of the Provisional Government A. I. Guchkov, shoulder straps were replaced with sleeve insignia and a new badge was introduced. On it, a five-pointed star was placed over a rosette with an anchor. Probably Trotsky's decision to introduce a star in the Red Army was a kind of signal for the tsarist officers. As you know, the Bolsheviks carried out extensive campaigns to attract tsarist military personnel to the Red Army.
The swastika, the cult of which was very strong in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century, could also become a symbol of Soviet Russia.
She was depicted both on “kerenkas” and on Soviet money until the reform of 1922-1924.
The swastikas were painted on the wall of the Ipatiev House by Empress Alexandra Feodorovna before being shot.
However, by the sole decision of Trotsky, the Bolsheviks settled on the five-pointed star. The history of the 20th century has shown that the "star" was stronger than the "swastika".