- Part 1 -
The fact that the Macedonian was in Siberia is confirmed by the historian, cartographer and geographer of Siberia, S. Remezov. In his "Drawing Book of Siberia" (1699-1701), he gives a map of the Lower Amur with the inscription "Tsar Alexander the Great reached this place, and hid the weapon, and left the bell with people." During the Siberian campaign, Alexander had three full-fledged wars with the Siberian peoples. The first one in the Cis-Urals, with ustrushans on Yaik-Yaksart, was mentioned in the previous post (The Russians stood in the middle. Their thought is harsh: They, apparently, do not like the rule of Rum! …). Alexander never defeated them, and later frightened his soldiers by the fact that the unconquered Scythians remained in the rear (not to be confused with the ustrushan Sogdians). The second war was with the "Indian" (Venedian) king Porus. Curtius Rufus calls Pora the smartest and most enlightened person. Justin writes,that before the battle Por challenged Alexander to a duel, in the very first skirmish he "knocked him out of the saddle" and Alexander was lying in the mud under Bucephalus' feet. If it were not for the bodyguards who violated the conditions of the duel, the outcome of the battle could have been completely different. The third war was between Alexander and the Massagetae. Their capital of Siberian Muscovy was called Massaga, this is in the area of modern Norilsk, where the city of Nora was, where Gogi and Magogi lived. Also on the video in Siberia you will see the remains of ancient cities, roads, canals, etc., filmed from a height of 10 km.where Gogs and Magogs lived. Also on the video in Siberia you will see the remains of ancient cities, roads, canals, etc., filmed from a height of 10 km.where Gogs and Magogs lived. Also on the video in Siberia you will see the remains of ancient cities, roads, canals, etc., filmed from a height of 10 km.
Siberia, which the Greek scientists who accompanied the Macedonian, called India (India Superio r - Prehistoric India), at that time was fabulously rich and densely populated. In Hindustan itself, the territory of Siberia was known as Hapta-Hindu, which means Semirechye. From Indian Siberia to Europe with a frequency of 200-300 years, waves of immigrants rolled in: Cimmerians, Scythians, Sarmatians, Goths, Huns, Khazars, Bulgars, Hungarians, Pechenegs, Cumans, Sabirs, Suber, Savirs, etc. These waves rolled from Siberia, both due to overpopulation and worsening climatic conditions. In ancient times, the Siberian forest-steppe zone was called an earthly paradise, because it provided everything necessary for life, and in abundance. Rivers - fish, forests - furs, honey and elk, arable land - rye, millet, oats and barley, meadows - abundant grass and hay for the winter.
And a little to the south, the merciless sun burns out the grass and the herders have to wander. In the forest-steppe, livestock raising is settled. And a combination is formed, which the ancient Greeks called an idyll: shepherding and fishing (in Greece itself, these occupations are landscaped). The abundant herbage on the riverine meadows provided hay for the winter for any number of domestic cattle. And this is milk, sour cream, cottage cheese, butter all year round. Hence the low infant mortality rate. With a high birth rate (Russian women in Siberia in the 17th-18th centuries gave birth to 18 children each), the population increased explosively. Hence the overpopulation, which required the regular resettlement of a part of the people, which was happening, plus periodic climate changes for the worse.
Since wealth is created by human labor, Siberia was fabulously rich. The Greeks and Macedonians were literally shocked by the greatness and antiquity of the culture that opened to their eyes. Many cities, and these were huge cities, up to 45 sq. km, flat, straight roads stretching for thousands of kilometers. There was no need to build from stone, there was a forest all around and they built mainly from wood.
I posted a post: "White pages of the history of Siberia (part-4)" and there was a photo "Strange straight lines on the land of the north, shot from the airplane window." So look at the scale of the construction of the ancient cities of Siberia, land cultivation, irrigation canals, etc., from the height of the plane.
I did not spread it completely, but cut it a little to reduce the weight of the video file. Filmed during a flight from Novy Urengoy to Moscow, the Ob basin of uninhabited lands from a height of 10 km, there are numerous strips of many kilometers on the ground, flat, without taking into account the terrain, intersecting at different angles, sometimes parallel.
Promotional video:
Also.
And this was filmed in the Siberian tundra.
Through Russian fairy tales, the idea has come down to us of how the architectural splendor of our ancestors looked in antiquity, how they built houses, but they represent it to us in the form of fantasy, myths, fairy tales, imposing a false opinion that we are incapable of this.
But let's step back a little and see how our ancestors actually built.
Here, for example, below are sketches of Russian villages from nature, by an artist from France Duran. He traveled and painted at the expense of Anatoly Demidov, who invited Durand from France as a pro in his field - he could quickly sketch nature in detail. Demidov was a serious person with a natural science bias. Each lithograph bears the date when it was written. Durand's album published by Demidov includes 100 drawings.
And here are also fabulous houses, which remained only on paper, in the form of projects.
Yes, they used to be built from wood, an easily accessible material, this is what distinguished Russia and Siberia from Western architecture. But it was our ancestors who initially set the tone in the construction of cities, temples, fortresses, fortifications …
And if someone can say that this is all fantasy only in pictures, then he will be right in something. The tree is short-lived, because of our climate it quickly decays, and a lot has been deliberately destroyed. The wooden palace in Kolomenskoye (see above), only stood for a hundred years, but what to say about a thousand years ago. But let's take a look at the wooden fabulous houses below, what has come down to us and everything that was shown above in pictures and recognized in Russian fairy tales seems no longer fiction, not myth.
Yes, in ancient times, foreigners were amazed by the magnificent temples of our ancestors. Only on the territory of modern Siberia, the continuous genealogy of the kings consisted of 153 names and lasted 6040 years. The complete absence of slavery and universal literacy. They wrote on birch bark, the Greeks called it bark. By the way, Russian lubok - bast, specially processed tree bark (bark) for writing and drawing, strongly resembles the Latin LIBELLUS - a book. And LIBER is generally translated into Russian as a book, a letter, and as a woody bast, bast. Interesting, right? It turns out that the Latin liber came from the Russian lub, lubok, and not vice versa.
Siberia was inhabited by the Russian Slavs because there was Siberian Russia, the original Russia. Our ancestors called it Lukomoria, on the maps of Western European cartographers of the 16th-17th centuries, the right bank of the Ob River is named Lukomoria, along the bend (bows, bends) of the Ob bay. In ancient times, on the territory of Siberia, our people were the center-forming ones, around which other small peoples rallied. Some maps even indicate a people who is separate from the rest of the peoples, as the dominant one.
The city of Tanais on the Tanais River attracts special attention. Not to be confused with Tanais (Tana) on the Don, it will be built later. If we drop the Greek suffix, we get the river and the city of Tana. The pseudo-Arrian calls him Tina and says that he lies completely in the north, under the Ursa Minor itself. Greek scientists in this city measured the length of the shadow and calculated the length of the longest day. It turned out to be equal to 17 hours 10 minutes, just like in Tomsk. And the latitude of the area was impeccable (since the measurement was made at the summer solstice) was calculated by Claudius Ptolemy - 57 degrees (at Tomsk, 56 degrees 30 minutes).
Question to Novgorodov:
- In addition to the books that you studied on this issue, is there any other confirmation of your theory about the Macedonian campaign to Siberia? Maps, pictures, or something else?
- I know one map. S. U. Remezov in the "Drawing Book" cites a map of the Lower Amur with the inscription "Tsar Alexander the Great reached this place, and hid the weapon, and left the bell with people." This card could be regarded as a curiosity, if not for one important circumstance. Rafting down the Yenisei, Alexander reached an area near the ocean, which the Mongols called "Mangu". In the same way, the name Amur sounds in the Tungus-Manchurian languages. Apparently, the Tunguses reported to Remezov that the Macedonian had reached Mangu and he decided that it was Cupid.
Many images of Alexander have been found in Russia, not like in India. This is the relief of the scene of the ascension of Alexander on the southern facade of the Dmitrievsky Cathedral in Vladimir, and similar scenes on silver dishes "caught" with a fishing net at the mouth of the Ob.
Here, with all due respect to Novgorodov, I would like to correct him. The destruction of Vedic culture began a long time ago, and its very peak fell on the adoption of Christianity by many peoples, and then Islam. The main distinguishing feature of the Slavic-Aryan peoples was expressed in solar symbolism, which distinguished their belonging to the Vedic culture. In many countries where the solar symbol is found, our ancestors had their influence and the spread of the Vedic worldview. But in his native land, among the many pantheon of gods, "Dazhbog" had a special status - the giver, the giver, the Solar deity. His image was massively reproduced, as today Jesus Christ is depicted. It is the image of Dazhbog that is found everywhere and is attributed to the Macedonian. Russia is the Motherland of the Great Vedic Civilization,it can be destroyed only by discrediting its past, which is what our opponents are trying to achieve by misleading us.
Let's continue.
In Slavic and other chronicles, you can find mention of Macedonian. V. N. Tatishchev referred to the Joachim Chronicle, which refers to the ties of the Slavic princes with Alexander. The Czech chronicle cited the letter given by Alexander to the Slavs. The Polish "Great Chronicle" claimed that the sorcerer Leszek expelled the Macedonian from the Polish lands with witchcraft. The Grand Duke Vladimir Monomakh, in his "Teachings", expressed confidence that Alexander came to Ugra. The secretary of the Egyptian sultan Al-Omari in the XIV century confirmed the words of Vladimir: "Behind the lands of the Yugorsk, which are on the outskirts of the North, there are no longer any settlements, except for the large tower built by Iskender."
I. V. Shcheglov in the "Chronological list of the most important data from the history of Siberia", published in Surgut in 1993, gives a message about the campaign of the Novgorodians under the leadership of Uleb to the iron gates in 1032. The campaign ended unsuccessfully, as they were defeated by the Ugras, "and few of them returned, but many died there." Ugra was traditionally located behind the Stone. From this it follows that almost a millennium and a half later, the Novgorodians remembered the arrival of Alexander to the north of Siberia and, moreover, organized expeditions to the gate in the wall erected by him.
The Nestorov Chronicle under the year 1096 contains the well-known story of a Novgorodian, Gyuryat Rogovich, about how he sent his youth to Yugra, and what Yugra told him about a certain mysterious people. This people "sits in grief" and through the window asks for iron with gestures, and gives furs for the iron. Gyuryata Rogovich told Vladimir Monomakh about this miracle, and Monomakh was not at all surprised and explained to the Novgorodian that he was talking about the people riveted in the mountain by Alexander the Great with the help of the Copper Gates.
And the Arab caliph al-Wasik even equipped an expedition to the Iron Gates to make sure of their integrity. The expedition was headed by Salam at-Tarjuman, who spoke thirty languages. Returning 28 months later, Salam reported: "The gates are intact, the garrison is not sleeping." This was in the middle of the 9th century. That is, more than a thousand years ago, this object was known to the whole world and not only Novgorodians went to the Iron Gate.
Question to Novgorodov.
- In the texts about the campaigns of the Macedonian, one can find a mention of the fact that he built a great wall, and also that as retribution for losing the battle in the East, he erected the Copper Gate. Did you manage to find something that fits this description in Siberia?
- The wall and the gate are one object, not two different ones. Ferdowsi, Nizami and Navoi wrote that Alexander built a wall and the Copper Gate against the Gogs and Magogs at the insistence of the local residents who were offended by these Gogs and Magogs. Sura 18 of the Koran mentions the construction of this facility, and mentions some kind of payment, either "we will pay you for your work", or "you will pay us for our losses." I have already written that a new, more thorough reading of the ancient text by the Arabists is required. I believe that this object was built in the Tonel (Putorana) mountains, that only the exit from the cave complex could be successfully blocked. This gate was seen and described by the Arab traveler Sallam at-Tarjuman on the instructions of Caliph al-Wasik. Tomsk architect and local historian Gennady Skvortsov reconstructed the image of the Copper Gate. I made a project to find an object,submitted two applications for funding, did not receive anything, tried to organize a trip to those regions, but did not master it yet.
It is also known that at the end of the eastern campaign, by order of Alexander, 12 altars were built to offer sacrifices to the Greek gods. Nikolai Novgorodov believes that 12 completely unexplored burial mounds are located on the way from the village of Anikino, Tomsk Region, along the Basandayki River. In favor of his hypothesis, some items found in Siberia also speak, possibly belonging to the army of Alexander. For example, a statuette of Hercules found at the mouth of the Katun (Biysk Museum), a dish with a scene of the ascension of Alexander the Great, found near the mouth of the Ob River (Hermitage), gilded and silver-plated blades from the Filippovskiye Kurgan (Orenburg Museum).
But in the image below, the found bowl near the village of Vilgort, this is the Urals, the nearest cities: Berezniki, Perm, Nizhny Tagil. Perhaps the Macedonian passed these places, moving into the land of darkness?
There is one interesting point, in the ancient historical sources themselves there is quite enough data testifying to the Siberian, not Hindustan route of Alexander. The only bottleneck on the Siberian route is the often mentioned elephants. Maybe in the 4th century BC. Was it warmer in Siberia and were there elephants?
But lynxes, ermines, squirrels, sables, a strange linkage are added to the elephants, or maybe Alexander took the elephants with him? Nizami lists the furs captured by Alexander the Great in the Rus camp so lovingly and competently:
And the porters erected a huge shaft, Bringing piles of valuable prey to a halt
As if greedy amused by human hearts, Caskets after caskets opened, shining.
The darkest sables were carried from everywhere
And a pile of silver beavers behind a heap.
An ermine, more beautiful than white silks, Hundreds and hundreds of bales were stacked …
Many moles of darkness have merged with pale light:
This fur is rested, the lynx gives it …
Here is also Nizami's chapter “Reconciliation between Iskender and Kintal”, you can read:
Having learned the price of fur, the king said: “Why
Are the skins over there, I would like to know too?"
Sable and squirrel many skins
The king saw; was their color of an unfriendly drill.
Novgorodov was asked the question: "If we assume that the Macedonian was in Siberia, then through what areas did his troops pass"?
- I think he was definitely on the Ural River. Here he took seven cities. He entered one of them along the bed of a dry river. It will be necessary to examine the left drying up tributaries of the Ural River. Silver-plated blades were also found here in the Prokhorov mounds. It is known that Alexander armed 25,000 warriors with silvered weapons and called them argyraspides. It would be necessary to revise the Orenburg Museum, and look for mass graves in the local burial mounds of the last third of the 4th century BC.
Katais met on his way, the Greeks called this people Kafai. The southern suburbs of Tomsk are very promising. According to Claudius Ptolemy's Guide to Geography, Alexander's altars were erected near the city of Tanais (latitude 47 degrees), which stands on the Tanais River. As I said, the longest day of the year in Tanais lasted 17 hours and 10 minutes. These altars - earthen mounds in the form of elongated triangles had a height of 50 cubits, that is, 22 m. Plutarch writes that for the sake of glory, Alexander went for a trick: he ordered to make weapons and horse bridles twice as large, scatter them and sprinkle them with earth, in order to so that the descendants of the barbarians, finding such objects, were convinced that invincible giants came here.
At the mouth of the Basandaika River, flows into the Tom on the right in the southern suburb of Tomsk, fragments of three altars have survived and gigantic notches in the slopes of the valley, with a volume of 5-6 thousand cubic meters, have been preserved. m. It will be necessary to explore the area with metal detectors near the altars.
Alexander was rafting along the Yenisei. In the Kazachinsky rapids, two warships crashed. At the right end of the threshold, coins are found, possibly from the cash registers of the crashed ships.
In the Putorana mountains, there are the Tonel mountains. There are several Gog-Magog toponyms nearby (Mogokta, Tonelgagochar). I suppose this is where the ruins of the Copper Gate should be sought. Judging by the amount of metal spent on their construction, the anomaly in the magnetic and gravitational field should be noticeable.
- How will the expedition go, where will you look and how? What are you hoping to find?
- The work is planned in three stages. First, a revision of the storage rooms of the Siberian local history museums will be carried out. I am convinced that a lot of items remained from Alexander's army in Siberia, but they are not recognized by belonging. Here's an example. Hellenic mirrors were found next to the altars on Basandayk in 1944-46. In the heat of the moment they were called Chinese, then they admitted that there was nothing Chinese in them, then they came up with a formula, this is de "Chineseized Hellenistic mirrors." I think if you look at them again, you can prove that these mirrors belonged to the Greeks and Macedonians. Further, in the Siberian mounds belonging to the era following the era of Alexander, many Egyptian glass beads were discovered.
Second phase. Archaeological exploration will be carried out along the proposed line of the route and, especially, at key points in order to find what remains of Alexander's military camps. After all, these were real field towns, surrounded by a rampart with a moat. Fragments of ramparts and ditches can be detected by deciphering aerial and satellite images. There will also be searches for the cities set by Alexander: Nicaea, Bukefalia, Alexandria Eskhata. A search will be carried out at the mouth of the Basandaika River for oversized weapons, and the Copper Gate will also be searched.
Stage three. A trireme will be built, the crew is made up of one third from Macedonians, one third from Greeks and one third from Siberians. And rafting on the Yenisei River will be carried out.
- What is the attitude to your theory in the Russian Geographical Society?
- They are normal. I have lectured at a dozen geographic conferences, took part in the XIV Congress of the Russian Geographical Society. Twice I applied for the RGS grant competitions.
- Historians are opposed to your hypotheses, and ordinary people on the net chuckle. I will cite not a literal quote, but approximately what they say: "Everyone watched Stone's film" Alexander "and knows the biography of Macedonian: a warrior, a homosexual, was fascinated by Asians and his powerful army lost to the savages on elephants in India." And you say that there were no elephants, and instead of India there was our Siberia.
- Historians don’t listen to me, they didn’t let me go to any of their conferences. Socrates, I remember, said: "It is not shameful not to know, shameful not to want to know" - this is about them. Laughter in the nets commands respect, Lao Tzu taught: If the majority does not laugh at your words, then you are talking triviality. If they laugh, there is a chance that there is truth in your words. I would have a positive attitude to criticism if it were. I have never argued that there were no elephants at all. Moreover, there is a publication that elephant harness was found in the Baraba mounds, which means that there were elephants in Siberia.
- In Russia, supporters of alternative history are known. Are there any foreign scientists who adhere to your theory, or at least mention Siberia as the place where the Macedonian conducted his campaigns?
- Of course there is. I got a call from a professor from Kirkuk, Iraq. And recently I received a letter from a like-minded person from Kazakhstan. He is a professor, rector of the academy. It's nice to have such a like-minded person.
- Old Tomsk stands on the catacombs, on a huge ancient underground city, the city of Grustina is marked on the old maps at about the same place. Has these dungeons been investigated? To what time do they relate, were there attempts to date?
- Coordinates of Tomsk and Grustina coincide to a degree. One of the versions of the etymology of Sadness is the GrossTiny (Goths lived nearby). Tina and were described as a very large city. According to Nizami, Alexander hid his treasures somewhere in the underground city. And he had about three thousand tons of gold. Unfortunately, the dungeons near Tomsk are not being studied, these are “closed” objects.
The Siberian people, with whom Alexander the Great fought, were called Gedros. Yegor Klassen considered these people to be impeccably Russian, and considered the prefix "ged", or rather "get", as conditioned by the military security function. That is, they were a kind of Cossacks. Ancient sources indicate the city of Pur, or Pura, as the capital of Gedrosia. In connection with this city, the city of Massaga and Nora is also mentioned here.
It is noteworthy that in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, between the Ob and Yenisei rivers, there is a rather large Pur river flowing into the Taz Bay. In addition, the Pura River flows into the Pyasina on the left bank of the Yenisei. There are also a lot of extremely ancient Russian toponyms, reworked at a later time by the Yugra and Samoyeds: the Luceiyakha River (Russian River), Nucha-Hitta (Russian Hitta), r. Dzhangy, r. Mokulai. At the same time, Massaga is guessed in the Messoyakha river, and the city of Nora points to the Norilsk region.
Arrian and Curtius Rufus mention the "Indian" people of the Assaken and the king of this people, Assaken. The capital of this kingdom was called Massaka (Massaga).
In the western part of the Putorana mountains not far from Norilsk, during the preparation of the expedition "Following the Siberian footsteps of Alexander the Great", tunnel and Gog-Magogovsk toponymy were discovered: three rivers Gog, seven hydronyms Magog, as well as mountains Tonel, Lake Tonel, and the river Tonel. The apotheosis of these finds is the Tonelgagochar river, which means “the river Gogh tunnel”. It is highly likely that there is a fairly high chance of finding the ruins of the Copper Gate built by Alexander. The only question is, does anyone need it in modern Russia?
They say that the city on the Messoyakha River was built by Noah's grandson Mosokh (Mosk). The city was inhabited by the Mossochents (Muscovites), and Queen Cleopis ruled in it. Diodorus reports that Alexander divided the army into three parts. At the head of one he put Ptolemy, instructing him to devastate the coast. For the same purpose, he sent Leonnatus into the interior of the country, the foothills and the mountainous region began to ravage himself. Fires blazed everywhere, robberies and murders took place, the number of those killed was in the tens of thousands. Apparently, from those battles not far from Norilsk, many "military" toponyms have survived, despite the fact that the Russians, having come here at the beginning of the 17th century, did not fight with anyone: this is the Batayka river and on it the Voynayar area, the Uboynaya river, a cape Arms, rivers Mogilnaya, Bloody and Pokoinitskaya.
Are not these hydronyms a reminder of the bloody war that Alexander the Great waged here? Since the Yenisei Father himself was called the Bloody River, and the entire Gydan Peninsula was also the Bloody Land, the battles here were serious. It was not the "forty chums" who fought among themselves, it was something grandiose. Alexander beat tens of thousands of people here.
The great warrior himself also suffered heavy losses. Plutarch writes that he lost 90 thousand out of 120 thousand of his soldiers. That is, he laid three quarters of his soldiers with bones, so Gogs and Magogs and historians disliked. A natural question arises: can he be considered a winner with such losses? In theory, of course, it is possible if the enemy's losses were 90%. But the sources say absolutely nothing about the losses of the enemy, and the enemy himself is not called by name. Alexander's warriors seemed to die on their own. Maybe they were killed by General "frost"?
If in Siberian India from the 120-thousandth army of Alexander there were only 30 left, the rest died, where did their bodies, things, weapons go? They were buried? Or was there some other ritual?
Curtius Rufus has a poignant description of the scenes of the death of Alexander's army. His invincible soldiers died in the same way as the soldiers and officers of Napoleon Bonaparte died when they fled from Moscow and the "general frost" has nothing to do with it.
Let me remind you. In 1941, the Siberian divisions drove the Germans away from Moscow, the latter whining that the frosts were to blame, and not the spirit of our people. But in 1943, the Battle of the Kursk Bulge was won - in the summer, in the heat, and we again drove the Germans, and it seems like you can't blame it on the cold. So that our ancestors gave the Macedonian "light", that already the heels sparkled, and the survivors settled there forever.
Curtius Rufus paints this stampede and moral decay of the army very colorfully: “It was impossible without damage to people neither to stay in place, nor to move forward - in the camp they were oppressed by hunger, on the way there was even more illness. However, there were not so many corpses on the road as there were few living, dying people. Even the sick people could not follow everyone easily, as the movement of the detachment was accelerating; it seemed to people that the sooner they would move forward, the closer they would be to their salvation, and the laggards asked for help from everyone they knew and did not know. But there were no beasts of burden to carry them, and the soldiers themselves barely carried their weapons, and the horrors of the coming disasters were before their eyes. Therefore, they did not even look back at the frequent calls of their people: compassion was drowned out by a feeling of fear. The abandoned ones called the gods and the common shrines as witnesses and asked the tsar for help, but in vain: everyone's ears remained deaf. Then, hardened by despair, they called upon others a fate similar to their own. We wished them the same cruel comrades and friends."
It should be noted that historians removed all climatic features from this description of the flight and generally placed this event on the shores of the Indian Ocean. In fact, if the broken description is connected, the real picture will appear. The conquerors were driven not only by the peoples of Gog and Magog, but also by hunger and cold.
Rufus Quintus Curtius, an ancient Roman historian, rhetorician, famous for writing The History of Alexander the Great, describes the reason for the flight very colorfully: “However, at the most time of the year there are such extreme snows that there is almost no trace of birds or any other animal. Eternal haze covers the sky, and day is so like night that you can hardly discern nearby objects. The army, led into these vast deserts, where there was absolutely no human help, endured all disasters: hunger, cold, excessive fatigue and despair seized everyone. Many died in the impenetrable snows, during the terrible frosts many chilled their legs and lost their eyesight, others, dejected by fatigue, fell on the ice, and, left motionless, froze from the frost, and after that they could not get up.
And here is the modern Western version, you can compare:
“For sixty days this terrible march lasted from the land of the Oryth to Pura, the capital of Gedrosia. The conquerors of the universe came to Puru in a miserable state. Three quarters of the huge army were killed. Brave warriors who survived in so many battles from swords and spears, in so many attacks from the arrows of the enemy, helplessly died in the terrible desert from torment of hunger and thirst, from the heat of the sun, from the blinding sand dust, from the weariness of the path on the sand, from the night chill. Only a pitiful remnant of them reached the oasis on which Pura stands; they were people so emaciated from hunger that their acquaintances did not recognize them. Well, have they compared and where is the deception?
If I am not convinced, I will add. When describing the climate of "India", the Greeks who accompanied Alexander's army did not skimp on epithets when describing the severity of these places. “Their country lies in the far north, all covered with snow and inaccessible to other peoples due to extreme cold weather. Most of it is a treeless plain. " “He came to the land of the Indians who live in the neighborhood of the arachot. The army was exhausted, passing through these lands: there was deep snow, and there was not enough food."
Let's continue.
When the remnants of Alexander's army came to the Gedros, they took pity on him and the frostbitten ragamuffins, but did not finish them off, but imposed an indemnity in the form of building a wall and the Copper Gate, against the evil people of the Gogs and Magogs.
This is mentioned by the Grand Duke Vladimir Monomakh, in his "Instruction" he expressed confidence that Alexander came to Ugra. The secretary of the Egyptian sultan Al-Omari in the XIV century confirmed the words of Vladimir: "Behind the lands of the Yugorsk, which are on the outskirts of the North, there are no longer any settlements, except for the large tower built by Iskender."
A certain fee is mentioned in the Qur'an in connection with the indicated construction. But Alexander was not an ordinary kalym worker who came to the North to earn money. It is logical to assume that the payment mentioned in the Quran is the essence of retribution for defeat, that is, an indemnity. Alexander built the Copper Gates and was released home, but in fact, he was in captivity. And the selected weapons were drowned in the lake. The Nenets, living in the lower reaches of the Yenisei, have a legend that in Lake Turuchedo, which is northeast of the village. Potapovo, a huge number of various weapons are buried.
Released after the construction of the Copper Gates, Alexander and his invincible warriors embarked on carts and wandered around for a week. Honest Plutarch writes: "There were no shields, no helmets, no spears to be seen anywhere."
Rescued from inevitable death, Alexander, decided to arrange a triumphal procession. “Having regained their strength, the Macedonians marched in a cheerful procession through Karmania for seven days. Eight horses were slowly driving Alexander, who was constantly, day and night, feasting with his closest friends, sitting on a kind of stage, approved on a high, visible platform from everywhere. Both contemporaries and posterity were amazed that drunken soldiers passed through the lands that were not yet conquered enough, and the barbarians took obvious recklessness for self-confidence."
But, in fact, there is nothing to be surprised at. The surviving soldiers and generals rejoiced at the end of the war and deliverance from imminent death. One should wonder how Alexander's shame turned into his glory? The army did not forgive Alexander for the defeat, conspiracies began to ripen and he was soon poisoned.
Alexander's Siberian route is being restored with great difficulty and only in fragments. The reason for this is the aforementioned confusion of the sequence of events and movements. We can confidently say that he was on the rivers Ural, Katun, Tom, near the Tutal rocks, was at the mouth of the Ob (Indus) in the city of Tavala (the Tovopogol pier has been preserved from it); was at the mouth of the Yenisei (Ganges). The nature of his movements between these points is ambiguous. Suffice it to say that we do not know which river Alexander floated to the ocean, along the Ob (Indus), or along the Yenisei and Angara (it was previously believed that the Yenisei (Akesin?) Flows into the Angara (Ganges)). It is very possible that he was on the Messoyakha River, where the city of Massaga, the capital of Siberian Muscovy, stood and in the area of modern Norilsk, where the city of Nora was.
The presence of tunnel place names and legends associated with the tunnels confirms the correctness of this assumption.
In the very first approximation, Alexander from the Ural River in the winter of 329-330 advanced through the South Siberian steppes to the Ob River, which he took for the Indus. Deep snow lay on the banks. In the summer and autumn of 329, he fought with the local people, gradually moving east. It wintered in the south of the Minusinsk depression in the foothills of the Western Sayan. In the spring, his army crossed the Western Sayan from north to south along the so-called Genghis Khan road, with India on the right, and went to rest in Samarkand, from where in the spring of 327 it again moved to India.
Also, from time immemorial in Russia there was a legend that Alexander the Great with a small detachment rushed to the North in search of the legendary White Island (Hyperborea) in order to find the secret of immortality.
To facilitate his journey, he hid part of the weapon.
On the map of the Siberian cartographer Semyon Remezov, at the mouth of the largest Siberian river, there is an inscription: (Tsar Alexander the Great reached this point, and hid the weapon, and left the bell with people). This information refers to the Tyr Temple, the ruins of which and a wall with inscriptions in 4 languages were discovered by Russian Cossacks in the winter of 1655-1656. The content of this inscription testifies to the fact that at the end of the campaign Alexander did part with his weapons. Only it happened not at the mouth of the Amur, as indicated on the map of Remezov, but at the mouth of the Yenisei. Here, according to Nenets legends, a huge number of various weapons are hidden near Lake Turuchedo. Alexander, setting off for India, decorated the weapons and armor of ordinary soldiers with silver, and officers with gold. So when a weapon is found near Lake Turucedo, it will not be difficult to provethat it belonged to Alexander's army.
Another war of Alexander with the Rus, described in detail in ancient sources, is a war with the Venedian king Por, who owned a vast and rich kingdom on the banks of the Gidasp (Irtysh) River. Curtius Rufus calls Pora the smartest and most enlightened king of all Indian peoples.
So from Pliny the Elder and Strabo it follows that in the region of Syrastrana (Sarauceans) there was the territory of the ancient city of Aseni, in the area of which the Macedonian founded his next Alexandria (Bucephaly) and where he crossed the river Hidasp during the war with the king of the Siberian Indians, Poros.
Asine, this is undoubtedly, Asino, a city in the Tomsk region on the banks of the Chulym (Us) river. From the Greeks who wrote about Alexander's campaign in India, we know that Alexander, after defeating Porus (Por, Poros), founded another city on the site of the battle - Nicaea, just on the other side of the river, opposite Alexandria Bucephalian. Today we see that the village of Pervomaisky (Pyshkino-Troitskoe) is located opposite the city of Asino.
On the site of the village. Belyay at the end of the 1st millennium BC there was a fortified city (settlement). After the battle with Poros and the world, Alexander granted Poros the lands that he had previously won from other Indian princes. Today, south of Asino, in the area of the city of Tomsk, there is a river that bears the name Pora - the river Poros. The same rivers flow a little to the south, in the Novosibirsk region - Poros and Porosik. It seems that these are the borders of the new land granted to Poros.
Well, let's summarize the Siberian - Indian toponymy. India is a state in the south of Asia, on the Indian subcontinent. The country got its name from the Indus River (Sindh, Hind). Hydronym ind was introduced to the south of Asia in the middle of the 2nd millennium BC. migrants Indo-Aryans who came from the Ural-Siberian regions. This is common knowledge. The maps where India is located quite far from today's Hindustan are also well known. In accordance with the data of ancient authors in ancient times there were several regions with the name "India". On the map below, we read the names: India Superior, India Meridion, India Gangptic and India on the Indochina Peninsula. We are interested in India Superior - India Upper (Prehistoric, Initial) is located in the northeast of Hindustan, in Siberia. More on this in the posted post:(White pages of the history of Siberia (part-6). Serbs).
Scientists do not deny the existence of cartographic material with India located in Siberia. Yes, there are such materials. But they are not taken into account when building a map of the Ancient World, since the whole picture of the world changes, the whole history changes. We not only recognize these cartographic materials, but we will build on them. So, medieval cartography testifies: India existed on the territory of modern Siberia. Even in the Russian North to this day one can find the names of rivers clearly associated with Sanskrit, explained only with the help of the ancient Aryan language - Sanskrit, as well as the names of many villages and villages. Here are the Indian names of the rivers of the Arkhangelsk and Vologda regions: Ganga, Gavinga, Gangreka, Gangozero, Gavyana, Indoga, Indiga, Kalia, Lala, Lakshma, Sumera, Tara, etc., etc. (the names are given by maps,taken from pre-revolutionary publications).
The most significant place names left by the Indo-Aryans in Siberia are the names of rivers (hydronyms). We will mention some: the Changara, Bolshaya, Srednyaya and Malaya rivers, r. Sala (g) ir and Salair ridge, Shegarka river, Chigara river, Ob (both), Tom (tom), Vakh, Pur (pond), Poros, Indigirka. Let's go back centuries, when India was the only one, in the ancient sources of the Indo-European peoples Rig-Veda and Avesta it was called Semirechye (Belovodye), Hapta-Hindu (Sapta-Sindhu). There was such a time, I noted it more than once: Belovodye, Pyatirechye, Semirechye. Hapta-Hindu is the Avestan name for the geographical area in which the Aryan tribes lived before their exodus to Iran and India. Khapta-Hindu is Semirechye, literally from the Avestan: seven rivers. But if you focus on historical and mythological materials,then it should be considered the Hapta-Hindu India Prehistoric (India Superior).
Popular rumor tells us that, being in captivity, the Macedonian was enlightened by the wise men and wizards, who he really is, where are the roots of his family. His father was Macedonian (Tracanin), and his mother Ilirka, both of these peoples were Serbian, where their distant ancestors had their historical roots in Siberia. The Macedonian wanted revenge on the Scythian peoples for the murdered father of Philip II, but this was a false slander. The evil intent of those who set the Macedonian against the Scythian peoples remained sealed and erased from history.
Philosophers estimate that about 20 thousand large and small wars have swept across the Earth. Over the past three thousand six hundred years, peacetime has totaled only 292 years. Some wars were so bloody and devastating that they are remembered to this day. The names of the most odious conquerors are on everyone's lips: Alexander the Great, Attila, Genghis Khan, Tamerlane, Napoleon Bonaparte and others. And the names of the generals and the names of the peoples who rebuffed the aggressors are practically unknown. For example, the whole world knows Napoleon, and Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov is known only in Russian schools. Regarding World War II, many American schoolchildren believe that Hitler was defeated by the United States of America.
Meanwhile, our ancestors were famous precisely for the fact that they rebuffed any enemy, as the father of history Herodotus spoke about: (Among all peoples known to us, only the Scythians possess one, but the most important art. It consists in the fact that not a single enemy who attacked their country, they do not allow escape). The reason for the invincibility was apparently that our ancestors defended themselves by the whole world, everyone was involved in the Patriotic War, young and old, including women and children. So Semiramis, Cyrus, Darius, Alexander the Great, Napoleon, Hitler were defeated. And almost always the ancestors used the peculiarities of their climate. Arrian writes that the Scythians said to the Great Conqueror: (Alexander Filippovich! Before you, Semiramis and Cyrus came here with weapons. The first took only twenty living people, and Cyrus fled with only seven companions. You'd better see us as friends than enemies.) Alexander disobeyed arrogantly and lost his best warriors in the battle with the Scythian peoples, some of whom froze while fleeing. The same flight of Napoleon's army from Moscow is extremely reminiscent of the flight of demoralized Macedonians described by Rufus. Before the Battle of Borodino, Napoleon had an army of 135,000, and only thirty thousand pitiful frostbitten cripples fled across the Berezina. This seems to resonate with the losses of Alexander the Great, after his campaign in Siberia, only 30 remained of Alexander's 120-thousandth army. The same flight of Napoleon's army from Moscow is extremely reminiscent of the flight of demoralized Macedonians described by Rufus. Before the Battle of Borodino, Napoleon had an army of 135,000, and only thirty thousand pitiful frostbitten cripples fled across the Berezina. This seems to resonate with the losses of Alexander the Great, after his campaign in Siberia, only 30 remained of Alexander's 120-thousandth army. The same flight of Napoleon's army from Moscow is extremely reminiscent of the flight of demoralized Macedonians described by Rufus. Before the Battle of Borodino, Napoleon had an army of 135,000, and only thirty thousand pitiful frostbitten cripples fled across the Berezina. This seems to resonate with the losses of Alexander the Great, after his campaign in Siberia, only 30 remained of Alexander's 120-thousandth army.
Well, let's summarize and talk about the secrets left after the Macedonian.
The circumstances of the death of Alexander the Great are described in sufficient detail, which, however, does not add clarity about its causes. At the end of May 323 BC, a great feast was held in Babylon, the capital of the huge state created by Alexander on the basis of the conquered Persian Empire. The reason for the feast was a military campaign to the Arabian Peninsula, appointed a few days later. However, already during the feast, Macedonian felt bad - he felt a fever, acute pain in the stomach and neck, as well as a general agitated emotional state. Outwardly, his behavior resembled an acute attack of fever. Then, within two weeks, his condition steadily worsened, the attacks recurred, he increasingly fell into delirium and lost consciousness. During periods of awareness of his behavior, Alexander recognized the people around him,but he could no longer communicate - soon after the onset of the illness, he lost his voice. Versions about the causes of death must be considered together with the question of who could benefit from the death of the Macedonian, but as I noted above, this secret will remain sealed.
Until the remains of Alexander are found and accurately identified, which could be subjected to the necessary analyzes, scientists cannot assert about the poisoning, but according to the exact surviving descriptions, he was poisoned. Here some riddles begin, there is an opinion that it was no longer Macedonian and they tried to get rid of the body as quickly as possible.
In the IV century, Alexandria became one of the centers of religious struggle; the influence of Christianity was very strong here. Local Christians, who for a long time endured persecution by the pagan authorities, violently began to oppose the symbols of the old religion when Christianity became the state religion of the empire. As a result, many ancient monuments were destroyed - and, most likely, it was then that the Macedonian tomb was destroyed.
Roman historians drew attention to the fact that on the return trip from India to Babylon, Alexander lost consciousness for a whole day, suffered from physical impotence and loss of voice. In a stretcher, when he was being taken to Babylon, he tried to pronounce lines from the Iliad, which he previously knew by heart, but now he was confused, fell into a heavy oblivion. It is impossible that no one would have guessed that the wrong Alexander was being brought from India, but the real one was buried somewhere.
However, in Tajikistan, the former Sogdian state, in the Pamirs there are many places associated with Alexander: the Sogdian rock and the Iskander-kul lake, 300 km from Nurek. There is nothing surprising in this, because, having departed from Egypt, the Macedonian army got into the rugged Sogdian mountains.
Surprisingly different - according to the Tajik legend, Alexander left his army in the gorge of the Great Sphinx, and he himself went to talk with the gods for some reason underground, in the kingdom of the dead. What gods were meant? Are not those mysterious inhabitants of Shambhala who today excite the imagination of the mystics and travelers of the 21st century? Maybe the priests in the Siwa oasis gave him precise instructions on this matter, and he knew well what he was looking for? Alexander returned in a completely different way - according to legend, he rose from the bottom of the Iskander-Kul lake inside a large transparent ball, and since then the lake bears his name.
The Great Sphinx Gorge is also not a fiction, it was destroyed quite recently, after the construction of the Nurek hydroelectric power station. A world-renowned scientist, hydraulic engineer Konstantin Yuryevich Sevenard recalled that as a child he saw a giant image of the Sphinx, carved on one of the rocks at the foot of the Fifth Step Mountain. The image was about 200 meters long and about 70 meters high. The entrance to the cave was black at the front paws of the Sphinx.
Konstantin Yuryevich's father at that time was the head of the construction of the Nurek hydroelectric station, he sent a group of climbers to explore the sphinx and the cave. They unequivocally concluded that both the cave and the drawing of the Sphinx were artificial. The cave was the beginning of a hundred-meter flat tunnel, which ended with a wall made of a different material than the walls. The Sacred Plane Grove began near the entrance to the cave. Reported upstairs. In the end, at the highest state level, it was decided to continue construction, and the Sphinx and the mysterious tunnel went under the waters of the reservoir. Was it not in this tunnel that the end of the Indian legend's campaign should have been sought?
Alexander the Great was one of the greatest military leaders in the history of mankind, and his tragic death left behind many questions that have not yet been answered.
Alexander the Great and Ancient Russia
Iskander wall.
Rumor has it that Alexander the Great turned north in search of an ultimate weapon and a source of eternal youth. Shielding himself from the sudden attacks of yajuj and majudj (Gog and Magog), Alexander the Great creates at the same time a base for the realization of the main goal of his campaign to the North - the acquisition of an absolute weapon. However, it is difficult to say which of the goals of Alexander's northern wanderings was the main one. After all, there was also a third component of the Great Triad - the secret of eternal youth and immortality. Therefore, the great commander continued to relentlessly advance to the North to the arctic ancestral home that once died under the water column, where the source of "living water" - the elixir of immortality and eternal youth, may have been kept behind the Arctic Circle, in the kingdom of the polar night.
Nizami describes it as follows:
There is a veil before the Extreme North;
and somewhere behind the veil is a key, full of life and light. Eternal Darkness -
this is the name of this dark wilderness, And Living Water flows in this silence.
Whoever touches the source will be in power -
Will save your days from a deadly misfortune …
Into complete darkness, leaving the harsh dregs, For the Living Water, everyone set off on their way.
And here, perhaps, the most interesting thing begins for us. It was on this previously invariably victorious path that the army of Alexander the Great met and fought with the ancient Rus, here we are talking about our distant ancestors who stood in the way of the conqueror of the world. As modern researchers have established, the name of the leader of the Russian army Kintal - in the original Nizami sounded like Ki-niaz-i Rus, meaning a Russian prince, but later it was changed by scribes. The scale of the battle between the Rus and the Macedonians is comparable only to the Mahabharata
During this bloody battle, the Russians, in order to achieve a turning point in the battle, used some kind of secret weapon. It was something that came out of the sea and kills Iskander's warriors with the help of some kind of energy discharge:
And when a fierce fire raged in him, He softened the diamonds by squeezing his palm
As a result, having reached the shores of the Arctic Ocean, Alexander crossed over to the coveted island called Macarius, which in Greek means blessed (which fully corresponds to the information of ancient authors about the Blessed Isles, where the Titans lived and the Golden Age reigned). Here the Macedonian found a true paradise (researches by Valery Nikitich Demin): Seeing in the father of that tree is tall, green, red, adorned with vegetables, united in vain. Friendship is blooming, I despise another, but their many fruits lie on the ground. Birds blush on the tree with various sweet songs poyahu. Under the foliage of the trees, the people lie and the sources of the sweet roots of those trees are techahu. Maybe this is the former land of Sannikov?
But it was not sweet springs and milk rivers with jelly banks that attracted Alexander the Great - he needed the elixir of immortality in order to remain the ruler of the Universe until the end of the world. Having visited the Sunny City with copper towers and roofs, Alexander finally found a source of eternal youth, or rather, a whole lake, which revived the dried fish thrown into it.
And although in real life the king of Macedonia and the whole world did not find the desired immortality, fate prepared for him a different eternal life: having died at the mystical age of 33 (the age of Christ), Alexander the Great remained forever young in the memory of subsequent generations.
Leaving the shores of the Arctic Ocean, the Macedonian managed to dictate and leave for preservation a letter of gratitude about unshakable privileges for ever and ever to the entire family of Slavs (or Moschs, that is, (Siberian) Muscovites, as it is said in one of the versions of the text that came down):
We, Alexander, the son of the Supreme God Jupiter in the sky and Philip, the King of Macedon on earth, the ruler of the world from sunrise to sunset and from noon to midnight, conqueror of the Median and Persian kingdoms, Greek, Syrian and Babylonian, etc. To the enlightened Slavic family and its language, mercy, peace, respect and greetings from us and from our successors in the management of the world after us. Since you have always been with us, sincere in loyalty, reliable and courageous in battle and have always been tireless, we favor and freely give you forever all the lands from the midnight sea of the great Arctic Ocean to the Italian rocky southern sea, so that no one in these lands would dare settle or settle, but only your family, and if someone from outsiders was found here, he will become your serf or servant with his offspring forever.
Well, at least something to feel like a winner.
The secret of the chest from the land of darkness.
It is known that the innermost secrets of Babylon, dating back to the ancient Northern civilization, as well as the sacred knowledge obtained in the northern campaign, Alexander the Great kept in a special cypress chest, always locked. After the sudden death of the ruler of the world, the chest went to one of his successors, the commander Seleucus Nicator, who became the ruler of the Babylonian satrapy, and then the king of the vast surrounding lands. He had to open the cypress chest with an ax. The documents stored in it turned out to be so invaluable that the new owner ordered them to be hidden as far as possible. And not in vain.
Alexander's successors, who divided among themselves the enormous empire so unexpectedly inherited by them, immediately entered a bloody war among themselves. Seleucus was treacherously stabbed to death with a dagger by the son of the commander Ptolemy - his former associate and comrade-in-arms, who, like him, became a king. For a long time, their heirs, who were constantly sharing power and expanding the boundaries of the new kingdom, were simply not up to the contents of the cypress chest. And when they remembered about Alexander's papers, the reaction of their new owners was the same as that of all their predecessors: to hide everything as far as possible from prying eyes, which was strictly followed.
Valery Nikitich Demin tried to trace the further fate of the cypress treasury. Byzantium became the heir to the Seleucid kingdom, which then surrendered its Middle Eastern territories to the Baghdad Caliphate. And the priceless gifts stored in the cypress chest of Alexander the Great seemed to have been forgotten forever. Meanwhile, according to some reports, along with other relics and valuables, they were quietly kept in the underground structures of the Jerusalem temple.
After the capture of Jerusalem in 1099, the Temple Mount was leased by the founders of the Knights Templar. For several years, secret excavations have been carried out here. Their result was a fabulous enrichment of the order, which grew (after the death of the Kingdom of Jerusalem under the onslaught of Muslims) into one of the most influential forces in medieval Europe. Here I would like to note: the Macedonian, conquering and subjugating everyone, for some reason passed by Jerusalem, as if it did not exist.
The defeat of the Knights Templar by the French king Philip the Fair, the burning of the master and the total destruction of ordinary knights became the food of numerous historical novels and serious scientific research. However, they could not give an answer to the question of where the fabulous treasures of the Templars disappeared. As well as what happened to the handwritten archive of the order, which included the papers and maps of Alexander the Great.
They surfaced only after several centuries. In the XV-XVII centuries, in different places and at different times, maps and diagrams appeared, which depicted either territories hitherto unknown to Europeans, or mysterious lands and states that existed in ancient times.
The most famous maps that surfaced in the era of the great geographical discoveries include the image of the disappeared arctic continent of Hyperborea, made by the most famous cartographer of that time - the Flemish Gerardus Mercator (1512-1594). Hyperborea is mapped as a huge continent surrounding the North Pole and with a high mountain in the middle. It is clear that in the hands of Mercator there was some kind of ancient map (dating back precisely to the era of Alexander the Great).
On this map that has not survived to this day, the Arctic Ocean was listed as navigable, which played a tragic role in the search for sea routes around the northern coast of Eurasia. Captains and navigators, who relied on the authoritative opinion of Mercator, stubbornly stormed the polar ice, where many of them, for example, Willem Barents (1550-1597), found their death. The existence of such a map allows us to understand why in the 16th century at the mouth of the Ob, called the Ob Sea, there were often significantly more English ships than Russians. The British owned a map showing the way to China through the Irtysh. By the way, theoretically, it is so, since the Black Irtysh originates in China. From this we can conclude that the climate of those times in the polar zones was much warmer.
The above facts testify: in the hands of Mercator there was a map that reproduced such ancient polar realities, when the Arctic Ocean was indeed navigable. Apparently, from the same distant era (namely, from the manuscripts captured by Alexander the Great in the book depositories of Babylon), Mercator's information about Hyperborea itself was gleaned.
Another map that uses the legacy of Alexander the Great is the map of the Turkish admiral Piri Reis. Like the Mercator map, it was copied from an ancient source dating back to the Hellenistic era. The Turks apparently found this map in the imperial book depository after the capture and sack of Constantinople. Piri Reis himself talked about twenty schemes of Alexander the Great, which he saw with his own eyes and used for his own purposes. One of them depicted not only the coast of Brazil, which was not yet known in Europe, redrawn by the Turkish admiral in 1513, but also Antarctica in all its details. In his own handwritten postscript in the margins, Piri Reis reports that Christopher Columbus used a similar cartographic source at one time and, therefore, the famous navigator did not discover any America,but only followed the route known long before him: (An unfaithful named Colombo, a Genoese, discovered these lands. The named Colombo got one book in which he read that on the edge of the Western Sea, far in the West, there are shores and islands There were found all kinds of metals and precious stones. The aforementioned Colombo studied this book for a long time).
Historians have found out how the "book" not named by Piri Reis got into the hands of Columbus. It turns out that the wife of a successful Genoese was the daughter of the Grand Master, who by that time had changed the name of the Order of the Knights Templar, which was not touched by cruel repressions in Spain and Portugal. Therefore, it can be assumed that the "discoverer of America" had access to the maps from the cypress chest of Alexander the Great, which passed to the knights-templars from the Jerusalem temple.
There is even a hypothesis that the Templars, who had one of the most powerful fleets in medieval Europe, sailed to North America in the XIII-XIV centuries, and shortly before the defeat of the order, about which they had been warned in advance, they managed to secretly take their fabulous treasures there. and at the same time redeployed their entire fleet.
That is why the Piri Reis map was not the only one where the southern continent had not yet been discovered by Europeans was depicted in detail, and the depicted Antarctica was free of ice. Known, for example, the map of the French mathematician Orontius Phineus in 1531. Finally, in 1507, the famous map of the Lorraine cartographer Martin Waldseemüller was published, on which the name America first appeared - after the name of Amerigo Vespucci, who allegedly discovered the New World. There is no Antarctica on it, but the Far North of the Eurasian continent is depicted in sufficient detail with contours, for the most part corresponding to modern data, and the Arctic Ocean, free of ice for navigation. All this proves once again: the earliest cartographic primary sources existed and were available to a sufficient number of the chosen and dedicated. And these initiates hide these secrets in Jerusalem,which the Macedonian for some reason did not notice, passing by twice and not even looking into this glorious city. Why? How could this happen? There is something to think about, isn't it?
Most likely, the maps of Alexander the Great still exist, deeply hidden in secret archives, which are not declassified only because other information may become known, the disclosure of which is still considered undesirable.
Information from other documents belonging to Alexander the Great spread through Masonic channels and began to appear in doses in the second half of the 18th - early 19th centuries. This meant that the Templar archives did not perish and, apparently, were inherited by the French masons. Through their foreign "brothers" information about the Arctic ancestral home - Hyperborea, leaked to Russia and became known to Catherine the Great, who, with the help of Lomonosov, organized two secret expeditions to the North Pole. The peak of the dissemination of information about the secret knowledge of mankind fell on the Napoleonic era, when it became known about the incredibly high technical development of the ancient (Hyperborean) civilization, which owned, in particular, aircraft and rocket vehicles. In the 70s of the XIX century, a very popular writer Vasily Ivanovich Nemirovich-Danchenko (1845 - 1936) appeared on the Kola Peninsula in the future - the brother of the great theater director (Stanislavsky's associate). Vasily Ivanovich was not only a famous writer, but also a well-known freemason, who linked his fate with the Moscow representatives of the order, while still studying at the Alexander Cadet Corps. Did he see the originals of ancient documents? One way or another, he knew much more about the Russian North than mere mortals. That is why he strove so stubbornly to the most remote and practically inaccessible corners of the Kola Arctic, where no man's foot had set foot for a long time. One of the first, for example, he penetrated - alone and practically without supplies - into the then completely uninhabited Khibiny (Kola Peninsula).
Many secrets associated with Macedonian are still awaiting their discovery, but many already today understand that it is just a puppet in someone's skillful hands. The same applies to other founders of all wars and revolutions, such as Napoleon and Hitler. And if some puppet, like Hitler gets out of control, unite all countries against one, and then again play off each other. Therefore, history must be known and lessons must be learned from it.
Also, in our time, interest in the ancient ancestral home of mankind has grown immeasurably not only thanks to the planet's current global climate change, one of which destroyed Hyperborea in the distant past, but also thanks to the disinterested efforts of the patriots of their country. Among them are such selfless researchers of world and national history as Valery Nikitich Demin (1942 - 2006) and scientist, writer from the Tomsk branch of the Russian Geographical Society Nikolai Novgorodov.