For almost two thousand years mankind has been persistently trying to solve the riddle of Atlantis: was it really there and where to look for it? In the Atlantic, in the Pacific, Indian and even in the Arctic oceans, extensive, but unsuccessful searches for the legendary island were conducted. And now a new hypothesis of scientists gives hope that Atlantis did exist.
Plato's famous account of Atlantis is not the only one of its kind. In the mythology of the inhabitants of the Pacific Islands, there is a mention of a large country that sank in time immemorial: in Hawaii, it is the continent of the Solar Network of the god Kane, among the Polynesians - the Great Land, among the inhabitants of Easter - the island of Motu-Mario-Khiva. In the middle of the last century, the French missionary J.-D. Morenhut, based on the study of Polynesian myths and legends, concluded that the islanders had witnessed some kind of grand catastrophe that flooded a huge continent - Pacifida in the Pacific Ocean.
Similar legends of the peoples of India about the continent of Lemuria, the cradle of human culture, which has sunk to the bottom of the Indian Ocean, also belong to the deepest antiquity. Many Tamil authors also write about the land that existed south of modern India, who believed that Tamalaham was the birthplace of the Tamils. This people without history, but with a rich and distinctive culture, arose suddenly at the southernmost tip of Hindustan, where it was located in the southern region of the island of Navalam, stretching for 7000 kilometers. Pliny also mentioned a large island in the Indian Ocean, located south of the equator. Medieval Arab historians also wrote about the remnants of land in the southern part of the Indian Ocean. Cook's contemporaries were convinced of the existence of the unknown South Land, which was located in the southern latitudes of the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic oceans and occupied a huge space,populated by 50 million people.
It is interesting to note that all ancient civilizations had legends about some enlighteners who brought science and culture to the ancient peoples. According to Herodotus, such keepers of knowledge appeared in Egypt about 10 thousand years BC. Around the same time, the great Oanness came from across the South Sea, teaching the Sumerians to understand writing and teaching them the art of building. The heroes of the American epic - the first Inca Mango Capac and the Mexican Quetzalcoatl - also appeared from across the sea, but from the east. From the west, from the sunken island of Motu-Mario-Khiva, the great god-enlightener sailed on Easter MakeMake. In addition to legends, there is more reliable evidence of the existence of highly developed civilizations in antiquity. Archaeologists and ethnographers claim that the ancient civilizations of the Old World - Egypt, Mesopotamia, Crete and Greece, India and China - have a single basis,which explains the unity of the forms of their mythological and ritual structures. The most clearly unique similarity of ancient civilizations is observed when comparing calendars. So, in the Middle East, Ancient Egypt, India and South America, the year was divided into 12 months, 30 days each, and the remaining 5 days were considered unnecessary and lawless. Further, the starting point of the Indian lunisolar calendar is 11 652 BC. The end of one of the cycles of the Mayan calendar falls on practically the same date - 11 653 BC. Close and the beginning of one of the Egyptian calendar solar cycles and the Assyrian lunar cycle - 11 542 BC. In India and South America, the year was divided into 12 months of 30 days each, and the remaining 5 days were considered unnecessary and lawless. Further, the starting point of the Indian lunisolar calendar is 11 652 BC. The end of one of the cycles of the Mayan calendar falls on practically the same date - 11 653 BC. Close and the beginning of one of the Egyptian calendar solar cycles and the Assyrian lunar cycle - 11 542 BC. In India and South America, the year was divided into 12 months of 30 days each, and the remaining 5 days were considered unnecessary and lawless. Further, the starting point of the Indian lunisolar calendar is 11 652 BC. The end of one of the cycles of the Mayan calendar falls on practically the same date - 11 653 BC. Close and the beginning of one of the Egyptian calendar solar cycles and the Assyrian lunar cycle - 11 542 BC.
And in prehistoric America, analogies with the most ancient civilizations of the Old World are obvious: first, the time of origin is approximately the same. On the southern outskirts of Mexico City, for example, the remains of a pyramid were recently found, the construction of which dates back to the 8-10th millennium BC. Secondly, despite numerous archaeological studies, the history of the birth of civilizations in Central and South America is vague and mysterious. They appeared as if out of nowhere.
The famous German researcher A. Humboldt wrote: “It seems clear to me that the monuments, methods of counting time, systems of cosmogony and many myths of America, which are striking analogies with the ideas of East Asia, indicate ancient connections, and are not the result of general conditions in which all nations are at the dawn of civilization”. Humboldt's hypothesis of connections is just one possible hypothesis. Such a number of unexpected coincidences are just as logically explained by the existence of the original proto-civilization, from which American, African and Eurasian ancient civilizations arose. So maybe they are "doubles" of the legendary Atlantis of Plato?
Many surprising and unexplained coincidences and facts are evident. First, all the most ancient civilizations arose at about the same time. Secondly, they arose suddenly, leaving practically no traces of evolution, only vague memories of the enlighteners who came from overseas, bringing with them science and culture in a finished form. According to legends, these enlighteners appeared after a global catastrophe that destroyed their ancestral home. Thirdly, the coincidence of state hierarchical structures, in which the clan of priests occupied the main place, is surprising. Fourth, all the most ancient civilizations spent colossal forces and funds on sacrifices and the construction of huge and expensive religious buildings with a pronounced astronomical filling. Finally, fifthly, the uniqueness and completeness of ancient knowledge is inexplicable,among which, again, astronomy occupies a special place.
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Among the scientific achievements of ancient civilizations, in addition to astronomy, geographical knowledge is also amazing. In addition to the Peruvian stone maps with Atlantis, the most ancient Buddhist cosmogonic maps - mandalas - are known. The map of the world compiled in 1531 by the French geographer and mathematician Orontius Phineus is especially astonishing. It completely reproduces Antarctica with riverbeds and deep fiords. Many details of this map have been confirmed by modern research, with the only difference that the southern continent near Finay is shown free of ice, and in place of the rivers there are now glaciers slowly sliding into the ocean. There is no explanation for the appearance of such a map, since the voyages to the shores of Antarctica and the study of its coastline took place much later - only in the 19th century.
According to legends, the planetary catastrophe that destroyed the most ancient proto-civilization occurred about 12 thousand years ago. Obviously, an event of this magnitude must have left some kind of archaeological traces. And such traces do exist!
In Kurdistan, there is the Shender cave, located quite high in the mountains. Archaeologists have found that people first settled in it more than 100 thousand years ago. The cultural deposits in the cave represent a continuous chronicle of the life of the primitive tribes for many centuries. Suddenly, in the layers corresponding to the tenth millennium BC, traces of people completely disappear!
According to the Nobel Prize laureate W. Libby, at about the same time, that is, about 12 thousand years ago, traces of its first colonists, much more ancient than the Indians, disappeared from the face of America. Demographic data confirm that in the tenth millennium BC. a sharp and rather prolonged drop in the total population of the planet began. Further, at an altitude of about 6,000 meters in the Cordillera, under a thick layer of ice, the remains of huts were discovered. The study of the surrounding sea shells and the traces of the surf made it possible to establish that the rise of this land area took place again around the tenth millennium BC.
Thus, there are fairly good reasons to believe that around the tenth millennium BC. a planetary catastrophe occurred, accompanied by global cataclysms in the form of gigantic floods and earthquakes, ups and downs of large areas of land, emissions of huge amounts of water vapor into the atmosphere. Such an event could well have caused the disappearance of an entire continent in the ocean. How can we not recall the date of the disappearance of Atlantis, indicated by Plato, 9570 BC? But for 12 thousand years, the archaeological and geological fragments of Atlantis could not disappear without a trace. Where to find them?
The key to the mystery of the origin of man and his civilization may be hidden under the ice on the territory of Antarctica. The Antarctic Atlantis hypothesis was first published in the Italian magazine Europeo almost half a century ago. The article reported that American researchers have found indisputable traces of a prehistoric highly developed civilization that existed on our planet about 15 thousand years ago. This hypothesis was further developed in the book "Civilization under the Ice" by the Italian Barbiero Flavio. It proved that the legendary Atlantis was on the site of what is now Antarctica. The climate at that time was warm enough until 10-12 thousand years ago the Earth collided with a celestial body of huge mass and size. The impact displaced the earth's axis, resulting in floods, giant earthquakes and downpours,who destroyed Atlantis.
Let us dwell on Flavio's hypothesis in more detail. Antarctic Atlantis fully fits into ancient legends, since it is located simultaneously in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans. In full accordance with Plato's story, its inhabitants could control the shores of three continents at once. For example, southern Africa is located relatively close. With South America, according to the results of recent geological studies, Antarctica could be connected by a land bridge in the form of a narrow strip of land or a chain of islands (depicted, by the way, on the map of Phineus). It was possible to reach the shores of Hindustan along the African coast or along the islands of Oceania, of which there were much more then.
The inclusion of Antarctica in the evolution of human civilization explains why the great philosopher of antiquity Aristotle, the famous astronomer Hipparchus and the geographer Ptolemy believed that the Atlantic was surrounded on all sides by a single continent, and why Herodotus called the Atlantic Ocean a sea and the Mediterranean Sea a bay. Indeed, Antarctica is the missing link that unites Europe, Asia, Africa and America into a single continent. Modern Antarctica is the least habitable continent: 99% of its surface is covered with ice up to 5 kilometers thick, the average temperature in summer is from -30 to -50 ° C, and in winter from -60 to -70 ° C, very strong winds are frequent. But Flavio believes that in the relatively recent past, the climate of the ice continent was quite favorable and changed only as a result of the rotation of the earth's axis. Obviously15-20 thousand years ago, the geographic poles were in a different place. According to the results of studies of traces of residual magnetization, relatively recently, the north magnetic pole was located in the east of Asia. And although the magnetic axis does not coincide with the axis of rotation of the Earth, there is reason to believe that the angle between them cannot be large. Based on this, the North Geographic Pole was located in the center of Yakutia. In this case, Antarctica was located to the north, in warmer latitudes. It was quite fit for life and now resembled in its outlines a triangular continent, with its top turned to the south - as it is depicted on Buddhist mandala cards. If you sail to Oceania from the coast of this Antarctica, you can get there from the west - just like the enlightener of Easter Island, Make-Make. The heroes of the American epicthe first Inca Mango Kalak and the Mexican Quetzalcoatl, if they went from the shores of Antarctica, would also appear in full accordance with the legends from across the sea from the east. For the Sumerians, Antarctica, as the homeland of the legendary Oanness, was in the south, as for the Tamils, their Tamalaham!
With this position of the poles, Central America, Mesopotamia, Hindustan - all the cradles of ancient civilizations - fall into the mid-latitude region with approximately the same temperate climate, which approximately corresponds to the climate of the northern coast of displaced Antarctica. It is possible that after the catastrophe, the Atlanteans settled from the freezing continent not randomly, but in previously colonized territories.
What was the cause of the catastrophe that occurred somewhere in 11 600-11 500 BC? Flavio claimed that it was a comet weighing several hundred billion tons or an asteroid that fell near Antarctica and displaced the earth's axis. The rotation of the axis was accompanied by a redistribution of the masses of the earth's crust and water from the new poles to the new equator, which resulted in catastrophic earthquakes, floods and downpours. We see their traces in the famous Shander Cave in Kurdistan and on the ledges of Niagara Falls. They led to the rise of the Cordillera, a sharp increase in humidity on the planet, the disappearance of ancient people from the American continent and a general decline in the world's population. The echoes of this catastrophe are reflected in almost ubiquitous legends about the Flood … For example,on the Hao atoll of the Tuamotu archipelago in Polynesia, folklore texts have been found telling about a huge flood in the Pacific Ocean, almost completely repeating the biblical interpretation!
After the rotation of the planet's axis, the period of glaciation in Europe ended, as the northern ice cap moved north, giving rise to the Arctic Ocean. Simultaneously, the southern ice cap began to capture Antarctica from the south. For a while, proto-civilization tried to fight the new climatic conditions, but soon they became absolutely unbearable. The Atlanteans settled in the colonies, bringing with them a high culture and knowledge, the source of which is still unknown to us, as well as legends about a certain continent absorbed by the elements, located in the southern latitudes of the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic oceans.