What do we know about the most important physical phenomenon of our civilization? Many of us do not want to be interested in the theoretical foundations, because at school we were "explained in detail" about electricity. Almost everything now rests on electricity: heat, lighting, water supply, and technical progress is based on this amazing phenomenon.
Honorary Academician of the Engineering Academy of the Russian Federation, Honorary Academician of the Academy of Electrotechnical Sciences of the Russian Federation Igor Petrovich Kopylov said the following phrase: "It is not necessary to clearly define what electricity is at present. And if we draw a conclusion, today we cannot give a clear definition of the concept of electricity." If a person who knows and understands electrical engineering says this, then maybe not everything is so smooth in the theory of electricity?
I think everyone will agree with the definition that is presented in the photo:
But let's consider our facts on the issues of history, perhaps the “experts” in the comments will at least start thinking with their heads, and not holding a school textbook in their hands.
First question
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Could a semi-literate person with two classes of education, later becoming the founder of a circle of artisans and merchants, formulate a generally accepted designation for electrically charged states? Could such an individual establish the identities of atmospheric and frictional electricity, and also find evidence of the electrical nature of lightning? Knowledgeable people will understand that this person is Benjamin Franklin.
Realizing this information and analyze how incredible it is for a person who has nothing to do with research and science to make such important discoveries.
Second question
Is it possible to change the amount of charge and their position on the surface of the conductor without having the necessary instruments for measuring, but having a balance at hand? Of course not, the "experts" will say, because it is technically impossible, but this information is recognized by the official science as the truth. This is Coulomb's law. The paradox is that this law could not be formulated in his time due to the lack of certain instruments for its study and establishment.
Third question
Can you get electricity from the air? Let's remember Nikola Tesla, who quite calmly received his energy from the atmosphere. He knew that with each meter upward relative to the Earth, the voltage that exists due to the presence of the Earth's electric field increases by 100-200 volts.
This has been known for a long time and there are even tables in which the fluctuations of the parameters of the Earth's electric field are shown depending on time. Tesla built a special tower several tens of meters high, and equipped his laboratory in the upper part. With a tower height of 30 meters, Tesla received voltages from 3000 to 6000 volts DC without any generators.
They prefer to forget this fact, otherwise if the research in this direction is revived, then most of the modern branches of the energy industry will collapse.
Question four
There is one interesting story in which a graduate of an entry-level theological institution invented a device for generating electricity - actually a battery. The graduate dipped a zinc and copper plate into a jar of acid, and also connected them with a wire. After that, the zinc plate began to dissolve, and gas bubbles formed on the copper steel. This person suggested and showed that an electric current flows through the wiring.
This is how the galvanic cell was invented. And what are your assumptions about this story? Write your opinion in the comments. Of course, this graduate was Alessandro Volta himself, but history is silent why he dipped some plates in acid and for what? Why did he take these particular elements? And where did he get the zinc plate, because the method of rolling this metal became known a little later? And that the first galvanometer appeared only 20 years later is not worth talking about.
The fifth question
Why modern simple experiments contradict theoretical physics? For example: the true nature of the fields of a magnet, the discrepancy between the theory of electrostatics and practice, the charge of a capacitor occurs not on the plates, but on the dielectric.