Somehow I came across a theory with which I can partly agree, that revolutions in the world are made by people who were raised, for the most part, in families with wealth. Having received an education, immediately having a start in life, they gradually begin to get bored and look for an opportunity to put their energy somewhere, excitement rages in them, and their knowledge and eloquence make them leaders at the head of the less educated masses - and they make history. Is it so?
For the experiment, we took 10 famous revolutionary leaders of Russia. What families did they grow up in?
Pavel Ivanovich Pestel (1793-1826). Colonel Pestel participated in the preparation of the Decembrist uprising
Father Ivan Borisovich Pestel (February 6 (17), 1765, Moscow - May 18 (30), 1843, Smolensk) - a major official of the late 18th - early 19th centuries, governor-general of Siberia, senator, brother of the Moscow post-director N. B. Pestel.
Mother - Elizaveta Ivanovna von Krok, daughter of the actual state councilor Ivan Ivanovich Krok and Anna Krok, nee Baroness Dietz.
“In 1730, even before leaving for Moscow, Wolfgang (we are talking about the great-grandfather of the Decembrist P. I. Hamburg »Geisbert Sarah. He lived with his first wife for twenty-three years, had two sons and a daughter, and, judging by the notes, he sincerely loved her "(NA Sokolova," Rooting of the Pestel family in Russia. New sources "(Russian collection. Research on the history of Russia Vol. V, pp. 7-15), p. 13).
"D'Acost Cordizosa, born a Spaniard" is the famous jester of Peter I, Jan Cortises Dacosta (1665-1740), and the Decembrist Pestel was his great-grandson.
Promotional video:
Petr Grigorievich Kakhovsky (1799-1826). noble revolutionary Decembrist, a member of the Northern Society of the Decembrists, one of the active participants in the uprising of 14 December. 1825
Descended from the nobility of the Smolensk province (according to the formal list - Moscow, there are 230 souls behind him, but after his death his brother inherited only 17 souls in the Smolensk province). Father - retired collegiate assessor Grigory Alekseevich Kakhovsky (b. 1758), mother - Nymphodora Mikhailovna Olenina. Kakhovsky graduated from the Moscow University Boarding School, then was enrolled in the Jaeger Regiment, but the service did not work out, from the officers he was demoted to the rank and file for revelry.
Alexander Ivanovich Herzen (1812-1870). Russian publicist, writer, philosopher, teacher, one of the most prominent critics of the official ideology and policy of the Russian Empire in the 19th century, a supporter of revolutionary transformations
Herzen was born into the family of a wealthy landowner Ivan Alekseevich Yakovlev (1767-1846), descended from Andrei Kobyla (like the Romanovs). Mother - 16-year-old German woman Henriette Wilhelmina Luisa Haag (German Henriette Wilhelmina Luisa Haag), daughter of a petty official, clerk in the treasury chamber in Stuttgart. In his youth, Herzen received the usual noble education at home, based on reading works of foreign literature, mainly of the late 18th century.
Mikhail Alexandrovich Bakunin (1814-1876) Russian thinker and revolutionary from the Bakunin family, one of the theorists of anarchism, populism and pan-Slavism
Born on the family estate of Tver Pryamukhino in the family of the provincial leader of the nobility Alexander Mikhailovich Bakunin and Varvara Alexandrovna, nee Muravyova (1792-1864).
Father A. M. Bakunin was born into the family of an actual state councilor, vice-president of the chamber collegium, was a corresponding member of the Turin Royal Academy of Sciences, Novotorzhsky district and Tver provincial leader of the nobility, retired with the rank of court councilor, owner of the Pryamukhino estate.
Mother Bakunin (Muravyov) V. A. - the daughter of the St. Petersburg Chief of Police Alexander Fedorovich Muravyov (? - 1792) and Varvara Mikhailovna, nee Mordvinova.
Sergei Gennadievich Nechaev (1847-1882). According to historians, it is the personification of the Russian revolutionary movement
The father of Sergei Nechaev is the illegitimate son of the landowner Pyotr Epishev, a serf by birth. He was adopted by the painter G. P. Pavlov and received the surname Nechaev ("unintentional", "unexpected").
Sergei Nechaev was born in Ivanovo, in a family of poor parents - his father was a waiter and an artist. His mother died when he was eight years old.
Sergey helped his father at work from the age of fourteen. At the age of 18 he moved to Moscow and in 1868 passed the exams for the People's Teacher. He got a job as a teacher at the Sergiyevsky parish school and as a volunteer at the St. Petersburg University. And almost immediately he tried to organize a student rebellious society, but failed, and he was forced to flee abroad, where he met Bakunin and began his revolutionary activities.
Vera Ivanovna Zasulich (1849-1919) assassin of the capital's mayor, General Trepov, an activist of the Russian and international socialist movement, a writer. First, a populist terrorist, then one of the first Russian Social Democrats
Vera Zasulich was born in the village of Mikhailovka into an impoverished Polish noble family.
Father is a retired captain Ivan Petrovich Zasulich, a retired officer.
Mother was forced to send Vera, as one of three sisters, to more financially wealthy relatives (Makulich) in the village of Byakolovo near Gzhatsk. In 1864 she was transferred to a Moscow private boarding house. After graduating from the boarding school, she received a diploma as a home teacher (1867). For about a year she served as a clerk for the magistrate in Serpukhov (1867-1868). From the beginning of 1868 in St. Petersburg she got a job as a bookbinder and was engaged in self-education.
Vladimir Ilyich Lenin
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov was born into the family of an inspector of public schools in the Simbirsk province Ilya Nikolaevich Ulyanov (1831-1886), the son of a former serf of the village of Androsovo and Anna Smirnova, the daughter of an Astrakhan bourgeoisie.
Lenin's mother is Maria Aleksandrovna Ulyanova (née Blank, 1835-1916), of Swedish-German descent by her mother and, according to various versions, Ukrainian, German or Jewish, by her father.
Vladimir's maternal grandfather was a physiotherapist, court counselor with seniority Alexander Dmitrievich Blank. According to one version, he came from a family of German colonists, Lenin's grandmother (wife of Blank A. D.) - Anna Ivanovna (Johannovna) Grosshopf (1810-1838), whose parents were German Johann Groschopf (German Johann Groschopf) and Swede Anna Estedt (Swedish Anna Estedt).
Lenin's father I. N. Ulyanov rose to the rank of actual state councilor, who in the Table of Ranks corresponded to the military rank of major general and gave the right to hereditary nobility.
Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky (1877-1926) Russian revolutionary of Polish origin, Soviet politician], head of a number of people's commissariats, founder and head of the Cheka
Father Edmund-Rufin Iosifovich Dzerzhinsky - teacher, court counselor. Descended from the gentry family of the Polish coat of arms of Sulima. He was the son of Joseph Dzerzhinsky (1805-1877), from whom he inherited the family estate of Dzerzhinovo.
Mother Yanushevskaya Elena Ignatievna, came from a fairly noble noble family. Her father, Ignatius Yanushevsky, a professor at the St. Petersburg Railway Institute, had a house in Vilna, where his family lived.
Sofia Lvovna Perovskaya (1853-1881) - one of the leaders of "Narodnaya Volya", who directly supervised the assassination of Alexander II
Father, Lev Nikolaevich Perovsky - a descendant of Count Alexei Kirillovich Razumovsky; was the governor of St. Petersburg, then a member of the council of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Mother - Varvara Stepanovna Veselovskaya, from a poor, but old Russian noble family.
Lev Davidovich Trotsky Birth name Leib Davidovich Bronstein (1879-1940) revolutionary leader of the 20th century, ideologist of Trotskyism
Leiba Bronstein was the fifth child in the family of David Leontyevich Bronstein (1843-1922) and his wife Anna (Anetta) Lvovna Bronstein (née Zhivotovskaya) - wealthy landowners from among the Jewish colonists of an agricultural farm not far from the village of Yanovka in the Elisavetgrad province of Kherson.
Of course, among the revolutionaries there are many people of low birth and frankly poor. But most are still of a fairly noble origin, wealthy and educated
How do you feel about this version?