Researchers of ancient myths and legends mention the mysterious world - Hyperborea. This country was also called Arctida.
To find its possible location, one must look at the northern territories of the planet. Hyperborea is a hypothetical ancient continent or a large island that existed in the north of the Earth, in the region of the North Pole, inhabited by a once powerful civilization. The name should be understood as follows: Hyperborea is what is located in the far north, "behind the north wind Boreas", in the Arctic.
Hyperborea in myths and legends
Until now, the fact of the existence of Hyperborea has not been confirmed, except for ancient Greek legends and the image of this land area on old engravings, for example, on the map of Gerard Mercator, published by his son Rudolph in 1595. On this map, in the center, there is an image of the legendary continent of Hyperborea, around - the coast of the North Ocean with easily recognizable modern islands and rivers.
It should be noted that this map itself gave rise to many questions from researchers. According to the descriptions of the same ancient Greek chroniclers, Hyperborea supposedly had a favorable climate, there four large rivers flowed out and fell into the ocean from the central sea or a large lake, which makes it look like a “round shield with a cross” on the map of Hyperborea (in the picture above).
The Hyperboreans, the inhabitants of Arctida, ideal in their structure, were especially loved by the god Apollo. His priests and servants existed in Hyperborea. According to the ancient custom, Apollo came to these lands regularly, every time exactly 19 years later.
Maybe some astronomical data will help to understand the essence of the appearance of the Hyperborean Apollo. The lunar nodes return to their original point in orbit after 18.5 years. All celestial bodies in ancient times were deified, the Moon in Ancient Greece became Selene, and the general epithet Hyperborean was added to the names of many Greek gods, the same Apollo, as well as well-known heroes, for example Hercules …
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The inhabitants of the country - Hyperboreans, as well as the Ethiopians, Feakis, Lotophagi, were among the peoples close to the gods and loved by them. The inhabitants of Hyperborea enjoyed joyful labor with prayers, songs, dances, feasts and general enduring fun. In Hyperborea, even death came only from fatigue and satiety with life. The rite of interrupting the earthly path was simple - having experienced all kinds of pleasure and tired of life, the old Hyperboreans, as a rule, threw themselves into the sea.
The wise Hyperboreans possessed a huge amount of knowledge, the most advanced at that time. It was the immigrants from these regions, the Apollo sages Abaris and Aristey, who were considered both servants and the hypostasis of Apollo, who taught the Greeks to compose poems and hymns, and for the first time discovered the main wisdom, music, philosophy. Under their leadership, the legendary Delphic temple was built … These teachers, according to the chronicle, also owned the symbols of the god Apollo, including an arrow, a raven, a laurel with miraculous powers.
Pliny the Elder about Hyperborea
The historian of the ancient world Pliny the Elder took the description of this amazing country very seriously. From his notes, the location of a little-known country is almost unambiguously traced. Getting to Hyperborea, according to Pliny, was difficult, but not so impossible. It was only necessary to jump over some northern Hyperborean mountains:
“Behind these mountains, on the other side of Aquilon, a happy people … which are called Hyperboreans, reaches rather advanced years and is glorified by wonderful legends … The sun shines there for six months, and this is only one day when the Sun does not hide … from the spring equinox to the autumn one. The luminaries there rise only once a year at the summer solstice, and set only at the winter solstice … This country is all in the Sun, with a favorable climate and devoid of any harmful wind. Homes for residents are groves, forests; the cult of the Gods is managed by individuals and by the whole society; there is no discord or disease. Death comes there only from satiety with life … One cannot doubt the existence of this people …"
There is one more indirect evidence of the former existence of a highly developed polar civilization.
Piri Reis Map
7 years before Magellan's first circumnavigation of the world, the Turks Piri Reis drew up a map of the world, which indicated not only America and the Strait of Magellan, but also Antarctica, which Russian sailors were to discover only 300 years later … The coastline and some of the relief details are presented on it from such accuracy, which can be achieved only with aerial photography, and even shooting from space. The southernmost continent of the planet on the Piri Reis map is free of ice! It has rivers and mountains. The distances between the continents have changed to some extent, which confirms the fact of their drift.
In a short entry in the diaries of Piri Reis, it is said that he made his map based on materials from the era of Alexander the Great. How did they know about Antarctica in the IV century BC? e.?
Interesting fact
An interesting fact is that in the 70s of the XX century, the Soviet Antarctic expedition was able to establish that the ice shell covering the continent is at least 20,000 years old. It turns out that the age of the real primary source of information is at least 200 centuries. And if so, the conclusion suggests itself: when the map was compiled, it is likely that there was a developed civilization on Earth, which in such ancient times was able to achieve such incredible successes in cartography.
The Hyperboreans could be contenders for the title of the best cartographers of those times. Fortunately, they also lived at the Pole, only not at the South, but at the North. Both poles in those days were free of ice and cold. The ability to fly, which the Hyperboreans had, according to legends, made it common to fly from pole to pole. Perhaps this can explain why the original map was drawn as if the observer was in Earth's orbit …
But soon, as we already know, the polar regions were covered with ice … It is believed that the highly developed civilization of Hyperborea, which died as a result of a climatic cataclysm, left behind descendants - the Aryans, and those in turn - the Slavs …
In search of Hyperborea
The search for Hyperborea is akin to the search for the legendary Atlantis, with the only difference that part of the land remained from the sunken Hyperborea - this is the north of today's Russia. However, some interpretations suggest that Atlantis and Hyperborea are generally one and the same continent … To some extent, future expeditions should approach the solution of the great mystery. In the north of Russia, numerous geological parties have come across traces of the activities of ancient civilizations more than once.
1922 - in the area of Seydozero and Lovozero in the Murmansk region. was an expedition led by Varchenko and Kondiain, engaged in ethnographic, psychophysical and simply geographical research. The search engines discovered an unusual hole going underground. The researchers failed to penetrate inside - a strange unaccountable fear, almost palpable horror, literally rushing out of the black mouth, interfered. One of the local residents said that "the feeling was as if you were being skinned alive!" A collective photograph (published in NG-Nauka, October 1997) has survived, in which 13 members of the expedition were photographed next to the mystical manhole.
Upon returning to Moscow, the materials of the expedition were carefully studied, including at the Lubyanka. The fact is that the expedition of A. Barchenko was personally supported by Felix Dzerzhinsky at the preparation stage. And this in the most hungry years for Soviet Russia, immediately after the end of the civil war! As you can see, the expedition had very important tasks. It is now difficult to figure out what exactly Barchenko went to Seydozero for, he himself was repressed and shot, and the materials he got were never published anywhere.
In the 90s of the last century, Doctor of Philosophy V. N. Demin drew attention to the rather meager memories of Barchenko's finds that have come down to us, and when he studied in detail local legends and compared them with Greek ones, he came to the conclusion: traces of an ancient civilization should search here.
These places are really amazing. To this day, the local residents of Seydozero evoke awe, or at least respect. Just 100-200 years ago, its southern shore was the most honorable stone grave for shamans and other respected members of the Sami people. For them, the name Seydozero and the afterlife paradise were simply the same. It was even allowed to fish there only one day a year …
In Soviet times, the area north of the lake was considered a strategic raw material base - large reserves of rare earth metals were found here. Now Seydozero and Lovozero are famous for the frequent manifestations of various anomalous phenomena. For example, there are reports of the appearance of the legendary Bigfoot in these places …
In 1997-1999, in the same place under the leadership of V. Demin, searches were again undertaken, only this time - the remains of the ancient civilization of Hyperborea. And the news was not long in coming. The expeditions discovered several destroyed ancient buildings, including a stone "observatory" on Mount Ninchurt; stone "road", "stairs", "Etruscan anchor"; strange metal "nesting doll". Several images of the "trident", "lotus", as well as the gigantic (70 m) rock-cut cross-shaped image of a man - "old man Koivu", known to all local old-timers, have been investigated. As the legend says, this is a “foreign” Swedish god, defeated and embedded in a rock south of Karnasurta …
But, as it turned out, "old man Koivu" is made of blackened stones, on which water has been oozing from the rock for centuries. Other finds are also not so simple. Professional geologists and archaeologists are skeptical about the above finds, considering them to be nothing more than a play of nature, Sami structures up to several centuries old and remnants of the activities of Soviet geologists in 1920-30. But criticism is useful because it forces researchers to seek additional evidence.
A classic example: Heinrich Schliemann found Troy where it “shouldn't be”. To repeat this kind of success, you must at least be passionate. All opponents of Professor Demin just call him over-enthusiastic.
The climate of today's Russian North was once much more favorable. As Lomonosov wrote, “in the northern regions in ancient times there were great heatwaves, where elephants could be born and reproduce … it was possible”. Perhaps a sharp cooling occurred as a result of some kind of cataclysm or a slight displacement of the earth's axis (according to the calculations of the ancient Babylonian astronomers and Egyptian priests, this happened 399,000 years ago). But the option with the rotation of the axis "does not work". Indeed, according to the ancient Greek chronicles, a highly developed civilization existed in Hyperborea only a few thousand years ago, and it was at the North Pole or near it. This can be seen from the descriptions, and these descriptions should be trusted, because it is impossible to invent and describe the polar day exactly as it is seen only at the pole and nowhere else.
Where was Hyperborea located?
If you ask a question about the specific location of Hyperborea, there is no clear answer, since there are not even islands near the North Pole. But … there is a powerful underwater ridge, named after the discoverer by the Lomonosov ridge, next to it is the Mendeleev ridge. They actually went to the bottom of the ocean relatively recently - by geological standards. If so, then the inhabitants of the hypothetical Hyperborea, at least some of them, quite had time to move to the present continent in the area of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, the Kola or Taimyr Peninsulas, and most likely Russia, east of the Lena Delta. Exactly where, according to the legends, the "Golden Woman" is hidden.
If Hyperborea - Arctida is not a myth, then how to explain the warm climate in a large circumpolar territory? Powerful geothermal heat? A small country may well be warmed by the warmth of gushing geysers (like Iceland), but this will not save it from the onset of winter. Yes, and in the messages of the ancient Greeks there is no mention of thick trails of steam, and it would be impossible not to notice them. But perhaps this hypothesis has a right to exist: volcanoes and geysers heated Hyperborea, and then one fine day they destroyed it …