The section "Geography" in the Encyclopedia Britannica of 1771 ends with a table listing all the countries known to its authors, indicating the area of these countries, capitals, distances from London, and the time difference compared to London (volume 2, pp. 682-684), here's a snippet:
It is very curious that, judging by this table (volume 2, page 683), there was no Russian Empire at that time (!). But the authors of the British Encyclopedia show several different Russian countries. First, Russia, with its capital in St. Petersburg and an area of 1,103,485 square miles. Secondly - Moscow Tartary with its capital in Tobolsk and three times the area, 3.050.000 square miles.
Opponents of Tartary and supporters of the official mythical history:
1) rest on the translation of the word country. Supporters of Tartaria translate it as "country", while opponents have another version: "area; territory". Well, further, that until the 18th century, the maps simultaneously mentioned not only administrative boundaries and names, but also geographical ones. As we say today - Europe, Asia, Africa. And then - Europe, Africa, India, Great Tartary. And after the 18th century, this tradition died out and disappeared from the maps of "Great Tartary". Excuse me, but territories cannot have an ordinary flag, or an imperial flag, or an image of an emperor. Nonsense. And a non-existent country does not have a coat of arms - neither a separate one, nor on buildings-objects. And Tartary has it all! So Tartary was.
2) they constantly repeat that the Encyclopedia Britannica of 1771 does not and did not have the words "the largest country in the world" and "where did he read that ?!" The answer is: here is the table, it says 3,050,000 square miles - more than anyone else. So we get "the largest country in the world." Just opponents of Tartary ts. "Fooling around."
3) emphasize the translation in the table of the words "capital" and "Division and subdivision". Supporters translate it as "capital", while opponents have another version - "Capital sities" (main cities). First, Tartary is highlighted in the table separately. Separately among the countries. Secondly, if we assume that the authors of the British Encyclopedia have identified Tobolsk as the "main city", then it should be on the list of Russia. So the statement of opponents does not fit in any way - there was Tartary, there was.
Why is it called "Moscow Tartaria"? Because before the conquest of Moscow by Peter I (and the transfer of the capital to Tobolsk), it was she who was the capital. On the map "Tatar Empire" in 1597 by Antonio Magino Patavini (1555-1617, published by Cologne, see above) only four cities are marked:
Promotional video:
1) the capital of the "ruler of Moscow" (Ducis Moscoviae Confinia), that is, Moscow.
2) Astrakhan
3) the capital of Kambalu-Katay (Cambalu Cathiae metropolis), located between the upper reaches of the Ob and Yenisei, not far from the Altai mountains.
4) Samarkand.
Only these four cities are marked on the Patavini map with special pictures depicting city towers. As a rule, this is how capitals were depicted on old maps. All other cities are depicted simply by circles - like ordinary cities. The largest, clearly prominent icon depicting city towers was put by Patavini on the site of Moscow, and the other three icons are much smaller. This means that Moscow, according to Patavini, was the main capital of the "Tatar Empire" at the end of the 16th century. This striking circumstance fully explains the presence of the name "Moscow Tataria" on later maps of the 18th century - cartographers remembered that Moscow was the historical capital of the "Tatar" empire. That is why they called it "Moscow".
Tobolsk
In the map of the Big Atlas Blau in 1665, the location of the city of Tobolsk is interesting. It is on the left bank of the Irtysh, and not on the right, as one would expect (see Fig.). Let us explain: the Tobolsk Kremlin and the old city are located on the right bank of the Irtysh, opposite the confluence of the Tobol river into the Irtysh. According to Blau's atlas, the right bank of the Irtysh in the 1660s belonged not to the Romanovs, but to the rulers of Tartary. Romanovsky left-bank Tobolsk is named on the map "Toboll metropolis Siberie", that is, "Tobol, the capital of Siberia." A number of researchers believe that Blau, apparently, was not mistaken and in the middle of the 17th century on the left bank of the Irtysh there really was a city controlled by the Romanovs. It bore the same name as the original Tobolsk, located opposite it on the other, right bank of the Irtysh.
The Tobolsk stone Kremlin of the end of the 18th century is a very impressive complex of structures (judging by the surviving ancient drawing "City of Tobolesk" and an engraving by an unknown artist of the 17th century). Modern local historians note that in the 18th century Tobolsk residents used to say: “… Moscow is the first capital of Russia, Tobolsk is the glorious capital of Siberia. Everything in Tobolsk is like in Moscow: the Kremlin, the Spasskaya tower with a clock, its own Butyrka, Arbat and Kokuy. " Most likely, Tobolsk, having become the capital of Siberia, was built on the model of Moscow - the Tartar emperor, in memory of the imperial capital of his ancestors, transferred some well-known Moscow names to his city: Arbat, Kokuy, etc. No wonder the Siberian state with its capital in Tobolsk was called Moscow Tartary by Western Europeans. By the way - the Tobolsk icon-painting school has no analogues at all,that is, it is unsurpassed.
The picture "City of Tobolesk" contains rather detailed information about the stone buildings in the Kremlin. This is clearly about existing buildings. Before us is a genuine diagram of the Tobolsk stone Kremlin of the late 17th - early 18th centuries, when the city still belonged to Moscow Tartary. And this is how the Tobolsk Kremlin looks like now:
After the victory of the Romanovs, Tobolsk was taken and defeated by the Romanov troops. Most likely, at the same time, almost all the stone buildings of Tobolsk were destroyed or severely damaged and subsequently rebuilt. The remnants of the Tobolsk "royal court" probably fled to China to the Manchu emperors - their distant relatives.