Until now, humanity can not answer the question are we alone in the Universe? However, UFO sightings and mysterious space images make one believe in aliens. Let's see where else, besides our planet, the existence of life is possible.
Orion nebula
Orion's darkness is one of the brightest nebulae in the sky, visible to the naked eye. This nebula is located one and a half thousand light years from us. Scientists have discovered many particles in the nebula, of which life can form in our understanding. The nebula contains substances such as methanol, water, carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide.
Exoplanets
There are billions of exoplanets in the universe. And some of them contain huge amounts of organic matter. The planets also revolve around their stars, like our Earth around the Sun. And if you're lucky, some of them rotate at such an optimal distance from their star, at which they receive enough heat so that the water present on the planet is in liquid form, and not in solid or gaseous.
In addition, for the emergence of life on the planet, it must have a number of mandatory conditions. The presence of a satellite, as well as a magnetic field, is an undoubted plus for the emergence of life. Every year scientists discover more and more exoplanets on which the emergence and existence of life is possible.
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Kepler 62e is the exoplanet that most broadly satisfies the conditions for supporting life. It orbits the star Kepler-62 (in the constellation Lyra) and is 1200 light years distant from us. It is believed that the planet is one and a half times heavier than Earth, and its surface is completely covered with a 100-kilometer layer of water. In addition, the average surface temperature of the planet, according to calculations, is slightly higher than the Earth's and is 17 ° C, and ice caps at the poles may be completely absent. Scientists say about a 70-80% probability that some form of life is possible on this planet.
Enceladus
Enceladus is one of the companions of Saturn. It was discovered back in the 18th century, but interest in it grew a little later, after the Voyager 2 spacecraft discovered that the surface of the satellite has a complex structure. It is completely covered in ice, has ridges, areas with many craters, and very young areas, flooded with water and frozen. This makes Enceladus one of three geologically active objects in the outer solar system.
The Cassini interplanetary probe studied the surface of Enceladus in 2005 and made many interesting discoveries. Cassini discovered carbon, hydrogen and oxygen on the surface of the moon, and these are key components for the formation of life. Methane and organic matter have also been found in some areas of Enceladus. In addition, the probe detected the presence of liquid water beneath the satellite's surface.
Titanium
Titan is the largest satellite of Saturn. Its diameter is 5150 km, which is 50% larger than the diameter of our Moon. In size, Titan surpasses even the planet Mercury, slightly inferior to him in mass. Titan is considered to be the only satellite of the planet in the Solar System that has its own dense atmosphere, composed mainly of nitrogen.
The temperature on the satellite's surface is minus 170-180 ° C. And while it is considered too cold an environment for life to arise, the large amount of organic matter on Titan may indicate otherwise. The role of water in the construction of life here can be played by liquid methane and ethane, which are here in several states of aggregation. Titan's surface is composed of methane-ethane rivers and lakes, water ice, and sedimentary organic matter. It is also possible that there are more comfortable living conditions under the surface of Titan. Perhaps there are warm thermal springs rich in life. Therefore, this satellite is the subject of future research.
Callisto
Callisto is the second largest natural satellite of Jupiter. Its diameter is 4820 km, which is 99% of the diameter of the planet Mercury. This satellite is one of the most distant from Jupiter. This means that the deadly radiation of the planet affects him to a lesser extent.
The satellite always faces Jupiter with one side. All this makes it one of the most likely candidates for creating a habitable base there in the future for studying the Jupiter system. And although Callisto does not have a dense atmosphere, its geological activity is zero, it is one of the candidates for the detection of living forms of organisms. This is because amino acids and other organics were found on the satellite, which are necessary for the emergence of life. In addition, there may be an underground ocean under the planet's surface that is rich in minerals and other organic compounds.