The main qualities of a “wise man” are reflected in the detailed description of the Chinese philosopher Confucius (Fig. 1), who wrote many centuries ago that: “… a true sage does not come to a banquet not invited to shine there; but he is waiting to be invited. When invited, like others, he conforms to the rules of decency and the terms of the council. If he is not particularly engaged, he does not express the slightest displeasure at that.
He studies from morning to evening. In the case of offering him a position, the sage (if he is aware of enough abilities in himself) accepts it and fulfills it with precision. He does not seek honors, he does not covet treasures: his only treasure, which he longs for, is wisdom; the greatest honor for him is the title of a sage.
Figure: 1. The philosopher Confucius is a model of the Wise Man.
He is entrusted to trustworthy people, he talks with straightforward people, he does not grovel before the higher, he does not ascend before the lower: he is respectful with the former, and friendly with the latter. He pays tribute to everyone. Whether he has to reprimand him for a mistake or give instructions, he does so with extreme caution, without offending anyone's pride. He respects smart people, but does not seek their praise: he does not humiliate himself before them and does not ascend.
Fulfilling his duty in everything and always, he is not afraid of anything - in his loyalty and righteousness, he finds reliable protection from any attacks; law and justice are his permanent weapons. Loving all people, he has nothing to fear; the tyrants are not afraid of him. No matter how extensive his knowledge is, he constantly cares about their multiplication. Distinguished by impeccability in behavior, he nevertheless observes himself unremittingly. There is nothing unimportant about honesty and kindness.
At the service, the sage is strict, but equally affectionate and friendly with everyone, cheerful and always of equal temperament with his friends. He is more pleased with the company of sages, but he does not neglect the "unwise" either. In a family, the sage loves all his household equally; he has no favorites. If someone offends the sage in word or deed, he does not show any anger or irritation.
In whatever condition the sage is, he tries in every possible way to be useful to his fatherland or fellow citizens; having rendered a service, he does not boast of it, but modestly and patiently awaits reward for it. If he is bypassed with a reward, he does not grumble or complain. The praise of honest people, the consciousness that he did good for good - these are the most flattering awards for him. If he is sought after with honors, he is not proud and is still available to everyone.
He knows no envy, arrogance, contempt - he lives in harmony with everyone. The latter generates universal favor for him. The main source of wisdom is love and compassion for all mankind …”.
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If we analyze the aphorisms and sayings of the best philosophers, then the psychological portrait of a “wise man” can be described in rather specific categories: introvert, logician, modest, virtuous, inclined to research (Table 1).
Psychological portrait of a "wise man"
|
Psychological characteristics |
Key phrases |
| Introvert | Silence, internal conversation. |
| Intellectual, humble | Own wisdom. Requires everything only from himself. Doesn't be smart; his subjects do not notice his existence. |
| Researcher | The ability to see. Ability to experience; rejoices at obstacles, patient. Constantly elevated in reason and discernment. He learns that he rules everything in everything. Understands that all deeds with their cause are merged. |
| Logician | Perfect solutions, he says unmistakably, does what he should. Solid in decisions. Always finds help. Extracts good from everyone and everything. Does no good to a fool. |
| Virtuous |
Pure in thoughts, words, actions, makes mistakes - everyone sees this and also sees how he is corrected. Behaves with dignity. Good disposition, fair, patient with the weaknesses of others. Virtuous; he shows the rules of wisdom in his actions, does what he advises. Joyfully accepts life. Listens to nature. Loves his neighbor. Happy, content with little. |
| Not prone to self-promotion | Argues least of all, uses aphorisms. Denounces the truth in the dress of general opinion. Doesn't know how to talk to kings. |
According to the Chinese sages, he is distinguished by phenomenal observation, insight (“The sage does not repent of his mistake - he repent of his carelessness”), the ability to imperceptibly control the environment, find convincing arguments, aphorisms that can change people's worldview. And of course, he must be of old age, because even the great Confucius said that only when he was 60 years old, he began to fully understand those around him.
It is in this person that all virtues are concentrated; it is this type of personality that is capable of daily, purposefully taking care of his health, his family, his friends, his work. And to be a really happy person. He will not necessarily be rich, but his face will shine with special peace, special attention and sympathy for others.
Since "you cannot be wise with someone else's wisdom," this person has achieved a lot in life, experienced a lot (love, friendship, creativity, luck, power, fame, etc.), saw a lot, figured out a lot, and, at the last finish line his long way of life, he attentively looks at our "floundering" with you in life problems, notices all our mistakes with you, but is in no hurry to give advice. By allowing us to make mistakes and become wiser.
Great minds of Mankind said the following about wise people:
• The least good in life is wealth; the greatest is wisdom. (Gothold Efraim Lessing)
• Wisdom is the totality of truths obtained by the mind, observation to experience and applied to life, it is the harmony of ideas with life. (Ivan Goncharov)
• A wise person does not do to others what he does not want to be done to him. (Confucius)
• Not the sage who makes kind and beautiful speeches, but who is patient, free from hatred and free from fear, is only a truly wise person. (Buddha Shakyamuni)
• The highest wisdom is to distinguish between good and evil. (Socrates)
• The highest wisdom is to know yourself. (Galileo Galilei)
• Wisdom is the mother of happiness. (Sophocles)
• The sage avoids all extremes. (Lao Tzu)
• Wisdom is always satisfied with what is, and never annoyed with itself. (Mark Tullius Cicero)
• Wise is the one who knows not much, but the necessary. (Aeschylus)
• The search for truth is much more valuable than the possession of it. (Ephraim Gotthold Lessing)
• To create and not to possess, to work and not to seek benefits, to achieve a goal and not to be proud. (Lao Tzu)
• Making a mistake and realizing it is wisdom. To recognize a mistake and not hide it is honesty. (Ji Yun)
• The best evidence of wisdom is continuous good humor. (Michel de Montaigne)
• To be wise means not only to see what is under your feet, but also to foresee the future. (Terence)
• I can't imagine how one can be content with knowledge obtained from second hand; although someone else's knowledge can teach us something, you are wise only by your own wisdom. (Michel de Montaigne)
• The real tragedy of life is that you become old too early and wise too late. (Benjamin Franklin)
Without wisdom, it is very difficult to notice a wise person in a crowd. He doesn't strive to stand out. Therefore, all the above information about this amazing type of people was gleaned from the published statements of the best philosophers, scientists and writers.
Literature
1. Tomilin, K. G. Fundamentals of professional communication in physical culture and sports: Textbook. Part 1 / K. G. Tomilin. - Sochi: RIC FGBOU VPO "SSU", 2014. - 128 p.
2. Tomilin, K. G. Social psychology: typology, communication, management: Methodical recommendations / K. G. Tomilin. - Chelyabinsk: ChOO "Knowledge of Russia", 2004. - 53 p.
3. Tomilin, K. G. Management of recreational activities at water resorts: Monograph / K. G. Tomilin. - 2nd ed. break. and add. - Sochi: RIO SGUTiKD, 2009.-- 184 p.
Author: Konstantin Tomilin
