Every year in the summer, the waters of the Nile rose above the prescribed level, flooding the banks of the river. Ultimately, this phenomenon gave ancient Egypt a fertile soil.
The ancient Egyptians cultivated this fertile part of the land and called it "Black" land, there was also a "Red" land, it was not fertile. The ancient Egyptians built their houses on it.
The inhabitants of Ancient Egypt grew such crops as wheat and barley, many types of fruit trees, cattle died: sheep and goats, as well as ducks, geese and pigs. Only the trees and plants from which the spices are made and the incense did not grow along the banks of the Nile, and they were imported from other countries.
Most of the food and drink in ancient Egypt, that time, has survived to this day.
Bread. The main addition to food was bread. Ancient Egyptians, both poor and rich, ate a lot of bread. And the neighbors of the Egyptian lands called them "The Bread Eaters", but not in person, at that time it was not a politically correct term. The bread was made from spelled, but they also used wheat. The Egyptians did not have wind and water mills, and the grinding of grain was done by hand. They were crushed using grinding stones, and often due to strong friction, the stone turned into dust and fell into flour. Pharaoh himself controlled the production of barley and wheat. If the harvest year was good, the surplus grain was stored in granaries, and when the harvest year was too bad, these supplies were distributed to the population so that people would not starve. That is why cats were so important to Egypt, they caught rats and mice in granaries.
Meat. Rich people ate mostly beef, sometimes goat and sheep. Poor people ate only goat meat, sometimes pork of sheep. People working on construction sites received food and beer. And those people who worked on the projects of the pyramids and tombs of the pharaohs received good portions of food with beef meat.
A fish. The waters of the Nile had a huge number of different types of fish. Rich people didn't eat fish, they only ate beef. And poor people, on the contrary, ate only fish. They also dried and salted it. Salted fish was a delicacy for both the poor and the rich. It was salted fish that was the main export commodity.
Fruit. A huge amount of fruit was grown here. Wine was made from grapes, sometimes sushi to get raisins. Poor people used dried fruit to sweeten their food. Rich people used honey as a sweetener. It was too expensive for poor people.
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Eggs. In ancient Egypt, as we know, there were no chickens. But they kept ducks and geese. But eggs were not as popular at the time as there are too few egg recipes that have come down to us today.
Holidays and hunger. The entire amount of the harvest depended on the Nile. Whether Ancient Egypt would starve or not also depended on the Nile. Sacred people measured the level of flooding of the land, and through calculations they learned about the yield:
8.5 m - hunger awaits the country.
9.5 m - happiness.
12 m - disasters.
