"There are many things in the world, friend Horatio, that are beyond the control of our sages …" Shakespeare is right! Thousands of scientists and scientific experts have spent decades trying to unravel the mysteries of the past, carefully gathering information and rebuilding the puzzle pieces together. But there are such artifacts and historical mysteries that are still covered with the darkness of misunderstanding … But the main thing is that you should not give up!
1. Geoglyphs of the Nazca desert
Geoglyph is a drawing on the surface of the Earth. In Nazca, such images are made in the form of geometric figures or animals. One gets the feeling that they were carved on a hard surface. To a person on the ground, they seem to be an interweaving of yellow lines. Only once in the air, you can see full-fledged figures: fifty-meter monkeys and spiders, condors 120 meters wide or lizards one and a half times longer.
How old geoglyphs are - no one can say for sure. They can only be dated roughly. It has been proven that all this was created at different times. The first of them appeared in the VI millennium BC. e. or even earlier. And the latter - in the 1st century A. D. e. The latter are very significantly inferior to the former in quality. Perhaps geoglyphs were a byproduct of mining or isometric mapping of the terrain by aliens …
2. Mummies from the swamps of Europe
Back in the 17th century, mentions appeared that human mummies were found in the peatlands of Denmark, Germany, Ireland and neighboring countries, which are perfectly preserved. Some even have a decent look for display in museums.
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Each body found was carefully examined by many specialists. All were found traces of violent death: a cut throat, affected areas from suffocation and blows, broken main bones, a punctured head. Sometimes all at once. So, for example, "the man from Lindow" lost his life because of the ax in the skull. "The Elling Woman" was killed by the letter V, which was found deep in the back of the head. The "teenager from Kayhausen", who was no more than 15 years old, was found tied up so tightly that he could not even move.
Until now, many experts argue what exactly it was: an execution or a sacrifice. After all, each of those found was dealt with very cruelly …
3. Statues of Easter Island
It is known that graceful stone creatures are the remains of an ancient civilization. They are markedly different from those seen in other parts of the Pacific Ocean. It is curious that Easter Island is based on the continental crust and may indeed be the remnants of some continent - Pacifida, Mu or something similar.
For the first time, the structures were noticed by the Dutch traveler Jacob Roggeven, who appeared on the island on Easter day.
In 1955, Thor Heyerdahl, with the help of local residents, was able to put one such statue upright in two weeks. They, using the uneven bars, lifted a boulder by several meters and placed large stones under it. This was repeated until the sculpture was in position. But what is there a sculpture - look at the foundation on which there is a multi-ton statue …
4. Pope John
Medieval biographers report that Pope Ionna was born in 882. From childhood she loved to study and as a teenager went to Athens to acquire the necessary knowledge. Then any education related to religion was not available for the fair half. Therefore, she decided to pass herself off as the young man John the Englishman.
When the girl found herself in Rome, she was noticed due to her learning, beauty and piety. After some time, she managed to become a cardinal. And after Pope Leo IV, he was appointed successor. From the outside, no one knew about the catch. But during the next festive procession, John suddenly gave birth to a child right in front of everyone. She died soon after.
After that, starting from 1000 years and for five centuries, a compulsory ceremony was carried out, during which the sex of the chosen one to the throne was checked.
This story was considered true even in the XIII century. Already in the 15th century, it was decided to challenge it. In the XVI - historians practically had no doubt that this was all fiction. It was believed that the legend appeared as a result of someone's joke, when women dominated the court of the Pope - 920-965. Similar phenomena were noted at the end of the 16th century, when Alexander VI Borgia appointed his mistress as a "medieval accountant". At the same time, her brother at the age of 25, without the appropriate rank, became the cardinal-treasurer and bishop of three dioceses. After that he took the throne under the name of Paul III.
It is also known that during the military campaign of Alexander VI, by his own appointment, the youngest daughter was on the throne.
5. Tomb of Genghis Khan
Until now, the best minds in the world have not been able to figure out exactly where the grave of the famous Genghis Khan is. This place attracts many. It is of unique historical value. In addition, according to legend, incredible riches are hidden in the land with the deceased. According to some estimates, precious stones, weapons and gold worth two billion dollars can be found in the grave …
After death, the body of Genghis Khan was returned to his place of birth. Now it is aimak Khentiy. It is assumed that the great military leader is buried near the Onon River. On the way, everyone who met the funeral escort was killed. The slaves who performed the burial were massacred. And then the executioners also died, who staged the execution.
There are several legends that explain why the seekers fail to find the grave. According to one of them, the adherents of Genghis Khan laid the river bed directly over the burial. On the other, they drove a thousand horses over the dug-up earth, and then planted trees on top.
6. The origin of the Basques
The Basques are considered one of the most incredible historical mysteries. At one time they occupied a small part of modern Spain and France. The first thing that is noted is that this people had a unique language that did not intersect with others present in the neighboring regions. Also, geneticists were able to establish that these are people who had the highest percentage of Rh factor in their blood - 25. The difference between this people and others living in the neighborhood is noticeable.
Most scholars believe that the Basques can be safely called the indigenous people of Europe. They came from the Cro-Magnons, who appeared in these places 35 thousand years ago. Presumably, this people decided not to change their location anymore, since so far it has not been possible to find any evidence to refute this, until the arrival of the Romans.
7. Time Travelers
Scientists have recently become more and more confident that time travel is possible. And numerous facts serve as proof.
For example, a photo checked by technical experts (no fake!) Shows the opening of the South Fork Bridge in British Columbia, which happened in 1941. In the frame, you can see a person who clearly stands out from the rest. He has a short hairstyle, tinted glasses, a sweater over a T-shirt, and a modern camera in his hands.
This image can often be found today. But for the 40s, it seemed strange. Specialists conducted their own investigation, during which they managed to find a person who participated in those events. But, unfortunately, he did not remember the "strange" stranger.
The authenticity of the photo has been proven several times using various analyzes.
8. Ancient Swiss watches
This small item was found in a Ming burial. The tomb was opened in 2008 when a documentary was filmed. To the surprise of the operator and archaeologists, a Swiss watch was found inside.
The former head of the Guangxi Museum, who was then taking part in the expedition, shared, “We were removing soil from the surface of the lid when suddenly a small piece of rock bounced off and fell to the floor with a metallic sound. The item looked like a ring. But when we cleaned it of dust, we found a miniature dial."
At the same time, we even managed to see the Swiss inscription inside. The Ming Dynasty ruled China until 1644. In those days, they did not even know that such technologies would ever become a reality. At the same time, experts say that this tomb has been closed for the last 400 years and there has never been anyone in it.
9. Ancient computer
In Kamchatka, a few hundred kilometers from the settlement of Tigil, the St. Petersburg University of Archeology found unexplained fossils. According to the head of the excavation, this discovery surprised scientists, but it could completely change history. Special analysis showed that initially these were metal parts that form a mechanism that is not yet understood. The most amazing thing is that the find dates back about 100 thousand years …
10. The Voynich manuscript
The Voynich manuscript is a mysterious book of the 15th century, which until now no one has been able to decipher. It was written between 1404 and 1438 by an unknown author. In addition, the words inside have not yet been translated. They are made up of a strange alphabet that no one else knows about either.
The size of the book: 23.5x16.2x5 cm. It has about 240 pages. The manuscript has been studied many times by many cryptographers, archaeologists and historians. No one could even come one step closer to deciphering even a single word.
After vain attempts, some experts came to the conclusion that the pages contain random characters that are in no way related to each other. Others adhere to the theory that not only information is printed on the paper that tells in detail about that time, but also data about the future.
11. Jack the Ripper
Jack the Ripper is a serial killer (or murderers) who committed several high-profile crimes in London in 1888. All his victims are girls of easy virtue from the poorest neighborhoods. The maniac cut their throat, then opened the abdominal cavity. He took some organs. It is believed that the killer had a good knowledge of anatomy.
It was only recently that a collector who acquired a shawl allegedly belonging to one of the victims gave it to specialists. They used careful analyzes to isolate the alleged maniac's DNA. It turned out to be a Pole Aaron Kosminsky, who came to England to work as a hairdresser. Despite this, many have criticized this method, as it does not accurately prove the involvement of the emigrant in the killings.
12. Crystal Skulls
Many experts have been trying to solve the mystery of the origin of crystal skulls for a long time. Nobody knows yet who could have created them and how?
Scientists tell about 13 heads of rock crystal. All of them are kept in museums or private collections. Artifacts have been found in Tibet and Central America. The exact time of their production has not yet been established. In addition, the tools that can be used to do this are not known either.
13. Ancient flying machines
The Incas, Aztecs and other peoples living on the territory of pre-Columbian America are known not only for amazing pyramids (to which they themselves have nothing to do!) And strange rituals (cargo cults). They also left behind many small figurines. One of them turned out to be the so-called "ancient aircraft", which resemble modern aircraft in similar elements.
Initially, experts believed that these were simply figurines of insects or birds. However, it turned out that they have parts that are more similar to modern aircraft: stabilizers, landing gear and so on. It was not possible to find large aircraft of that time. What the ancient tribes wanted to show by this is not yet known. But the "vimanas" are well known - on another continent …
14. Phaistos Disc
The Phaistos Disc is a small circular clay tablet that was found in 1908 at the Minoan Palace in Italy. Her secret still remains unsolved.
There are various unknown symbols on the plate. It is believed that this language was created in the II c. BC. Some people think that the drawings resemble the hieroglyphs of Crete. However, they cannot find the decryption key. This disc is today one of the most famous mysteries of archeology.
15. The Taman Shud case
So far, the best inspectors have failed to solve the Taman Shud case. It was also called "The Case of the Mysterious Man from Somerton."
The case was opened when at half past six in the morning in Australia in the city of Adelaide, the body of a man was found. He was on Somerton Beach. Who the deceased was was never established. Then experts found out that the death occurred as a result of drug poisoning.
In addition, a piece of paper found in a secret pocket of trousers caused a resonance. Only two words were written on it - "Taman Shud". These were ripped words from a rare book by Omar Khayyam.
The police managed to find the required copy, in which the last page was missing. On the back, a few words were written in pencil, resembling a code. It was not possible to find out what exactly was written there.
Until now, this case remains one of the most confusing and mysterious.